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We introduce STAR-magic mutation, an efficient protocol for implementing logical rotation gates on early fault-tolerant quantum computers. This protocol judiciously combines two of the latest state preparation protocols: transversal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-25 Riki Toshio , Shota Kanasugi , Jun Fujisaki , Hirotaka Oshima , Shintaro Sato , Keisuke Fujii

Partially fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) has recently emerged as a promising approach for the execution of megaquop-scale circuits with millions of logical operations. In this work, we demonstrate the strengths and the limitations…

Achieving practical quantum speedup with limited resources is a crucial challenge in both academic and industrial communities. To address this, a partially fault-tolerant quantum computing architecture called ``space-time efficient analog…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-24 Yutaro Akahoshi , Riki Toshio , Jun Fujisaki , Hirotaka Oshima , Shintaro Sato , Keisuke Fujii

Quantum error correction (QEC) and fault-tolerant (FT) mechanisms are essential for reliable quantum computing. However, QEC considerably increases the computation size up to four orders of magnitude. Moreover, FT implementation has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-20 L. Lao , B. van Wee , I. Ashraf , J. van Someren , N. Khammassi , K. Bertels , C. G. Almudever

Quantum computing experiments have made remarkable progress in demonstrating key components of quantum error correction, a prerequisite for scalable quantum computation. While we anticipate the arrival of early fault-tolerant quantum…

Fault-tolerant quantum computation using two-dimensional topological quantum error correcting codes can benefit from multi-qubit long-range operations. By using simple commutation rules, a quantum circuit can be transpiled into a sequence…

The rotation of subspaces by a chosen angle is a fundamental quantum computing operation, with applications in error correction and quantum algorithms such as the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm, the Variational Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-04 Xiu Gu , Jonathan Allcock , Shuoming An , Yu-xi Liu

Achieving practical quantum advantage on fault-tolerant quantum computers (FTQC) is fundamentally constrained by the substantial spatial and temporal overheads required to map logical operations onto physical hardware. Existing compilation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-15 Dhanvi Bharadwaj , Siddharth Dangwal , Yuewen Hou , Gokul Subramanian Ravi

We present a set of efficiently implementable logical multi-qubit gates in concatenated quantum error correction codes using parity qubits. In particular, we show how fault-tolerant high-weight rotation gates of arbitrary angle can be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Anette Messinger , Christophe Goeller , Wolfgang Lechner

Achieving industrial quantum advantage is unlikely without the use of quantum error correction (QEC). Other QEC codes beyond surface code are being experimentally studied, such as color codes and quantum Low-Density Parity Check (qLDPC)…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Quantum computers are expected to bring drastic acceleration to several computing tasks against classical computers. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices, which have tens to hundreds of noisy physical qubits, are gradually…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Yutaro Akahoshi , Kazunori Maruyama , Hirotaka Oshima , Shintaro Sato , Keisuke Fujii

Quantum error correction is needed for quantum computers to be capable of fault-tolerantly executing algorithms using hundreds of logical qubits. Recent experiments have demonstrated subthreshold error rates for state preservation of a…

Quantum computing based on spins in the solid state allows for densely-packed arrays of quantum bits. While high-fidelity operation of single qubits has been demonstrated with individual control pulses, the operation of large-scale quantum…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is one of the crucial building blocks for developing quantum computers that have significant potential for reaching a quantum advantage in applications. Prominent candidates for QEC are stabilizer codes for…

Quantum error correction (QEC) requires the execution of deep quantum circuits with large numbers of physical qubits to protect information against errors. Designing protocols that can reduce gate and space-time overheads of QEC is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Laura Pecorari , Sven Jandura , Guido Pupillo

Lattice surgery with two-dimensional quantum error correcting codes is among the leading schemes for fault-tolerant quantum computation, motivated by superconducting hardware architectures. In conventional lattice surgery compilation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Laura S. Herzog , Lucas Berent , Aleksander Kubica , Robert Wille

Lattice surgery protocols allow for the efficient implementation of universal gate sets with two-dimensional topological codes where qubits are constrained to interact with one another locally. In this work, we first introduce a decoder…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 Christopher Chamberland , Earl T. Campbell

Quantum computing platforms are evolving to a point where placing high numbers of qubits into a single core comes with certain difficulties such as fidelity, crosstalk, and high power consumption of dense classical electronics. Utilizing…

Quantum computing relies on quantum error correction for high-fidelity logical operations, but scaling to achieve near-term quantum utility is highly resource-intensive. High-rate quantum LDPC codes can reduce error correction overhead, yet…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-11 Laura Pecorari , Francesco Paolo Guerci , Hugo Perrin , Guido Pupillo
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