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We consider implied volatilities in asset pricing models, where the discounted underlying is a strict local martingale under the pricing measure. Our main result gives an asymptotic expansion of the right wing of the implied volatility…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-08-19 Antoine Jacquier , Martin Keller-Ressel

Understanding the learning dynamics and inductive bias of neural networks (NNs) is hindered by the opacity of the relationship between NN parameters and the function represented. We propose reparametrizing ReLU NNs as continuous piecewise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Justin Sahs , Ryan Pyle , Aneel Damaraju , Josue Ortega Caro , Onur Tavaslioglu , Andy Lu , Ankit Patel

Discrete-choice models are used in economics, marketing and revenue management to predict customer purchase probabilities, say as a function of prices and other features of the offered assortment. While they have been shown to be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-11 Hanzhao Wang , Zhongze Cai , Xiaocheng Li , Kalyan Talluri

The limited priors required by neural networks make them the dominating choice to encode and learn policies using reinforcement learning (RL). However, they are also black-boxes, making it hard to understand the agent's behaviour,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Quentin Delfosse , Hikaru Shindo , Devendra Dhami , Kristian Kersting

The lack of interpretability and transparency are preventing economists from using advanced tools like neural networks in their empirical research. In this paper, we propose a class of interpretable neural network models that can achieve…

Econometrics · Economics 2020-12-01 Yucheng Yang , Zhong Zheng , Weinan E

We provide closed-form market equilibrium formula consolidating informational imperfections and investors beliefs. Based on Merton's model, we characterize the equilibrium expected excess returns vector with incomplete information. We then…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-14 Hafid Lalioui , Amine Ben Amar , Makram Bellalah

Deep learning is a powerful tool whose applications in quantitative finance are growing every day. Yet, artificial neural networks behave as black boxes and this hinders validation and accountability processes. Being able to interpret the…

Pricing of Securities · Quantitative Finance 2021-04-20 Damiano Brigo , Xiaoshan Huang , Andrea Pallavicini , Haitz Saez de Ocariz Borde

It has been proposed that populations of neurons process information in terms of probability density functions (PDFs) of analog variables. Such analog variables range, for example, from target luminance and depth on the sensory interface to…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 M. J. Barber , J. W. Clark , C. H. Anderson

Reconstructing continuous environmental fields from sparse and irregular observations remains a central challenge in environmental modelling and biodiversity informatics. Many ecological datasets are heterogeneous in space and time, making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Agnieszka Pregowska , Hazem M. Kalaji

A widely believed explanation for the remarkable generalization capacities of overparameterized neural networks is that the optimization algorithms used for training induce an implicit bias towards benign solutions. To grasp this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Maria Matveev , Vit Fojtik , Hung-Hsu Chou , Gitta Kutyniok , Johannes Maly

Multiscale stochastic volatility models have been developed as an efficient way to capture the principle effects on derivative pricing and portfolio optimization of randomly varying volatility. The recent book Fouque, Papanicolaou, Sircar…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2015-09-17 Jean-Pierre Fouque , Matthew Lorig , Ronnie Sircar

Implicit neural representations are a promising new avenue of representing general signals by learning a continuous function that, parameterized as a neural network, maps the domain of a signal to its codomain; the mapping from spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Jaeho Lee , Jihoon Tack , Namhoon Lee , Jinwoo Shin

Shaping inclusive representations that embrace diversity and ensure fair participation and reflections of values is at the core of many conversation-based models. However, many existing methods rely on surface inclusion using mention of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Abeer Aldayel , Areej Alokaili

Combining simple elements from the literature, we define a linear model that is geared toward sparse data, in particular implicit feedback data for recommender systems. We show that its training objective has a closed-form solution, and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Harald Steck

We consider a fair representation learning perspective, where optimal predictors, on top of the data representation, are ensured to be invariant with respect to different sub-groups. Specifically, we formulate this intuition as a bi-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-27 Changjian Shui , Qi Chen , Jiaqi Li , Boyu Wang , Christian Gagné

We present a deep learning framework for quantifying and propagating uncertainty in systems governed by non-linear differential equations using physics-informed neural networks. Specifically, we employ latent variable models to construct…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-26 Yibo Yang , Paris Perdikaris

We present a deep learning framework for pricing options based on market-implied volatility surfaces. Using end-of-day S\&P 500 index options quotes from 2018-2023, we construct arbitrage-free volatility surfaces and generate training data…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-09-09 Lijie Ding , Egang Lu , Kin Cheung

Combining neural networks with continuous logic and multicriteria decision making tools can reduce the black box nature of neural models. In this study, we show that nilpotent logical systems offer an appropriate mathematical framework for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-05-01 Orsolya Csiszár , Gábor Csiszár , József Dombi

Neural network architectures have been extensively employed in the fair representation learning setting, where the objective is to learn a new representation for a given vector which is independent of sensitive information. Various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-08 Mattia Cerrato , Alesia Vallenas Coronel , Marius Köppel , Alexander Segner , Roberto Esposito , Stefan Kramer

Derivatives, as a critical class of financial instruments, isolate and trade the price attributes of risk assets such as stocks, commodities, and indices, aiding risk management and enhancing market efficiency. However, traditional hedging…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-03-07 Yiheng Ding , Gangnan Yuan , Dewei Zuo , Ting Gao