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Generalization remains a fundamental challenge in robotic manipulation. To tackle this challenge, recent Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models build policies on top of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), seeking to transfer their open-world…

Robotic systems that aspire to operate in uninstrumented real-world environments must perceive the world directly via onboard sensing. Vision-based learning systems aim to eliminate the need for environment instrumentation by building an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Patrick Lancaster , Nicklas Hansen , Aravind Rajeswaran , Vikash Kumar

We present a low-cost legged mobile manipulation system that solves long-horizon real-world tasks, trained by reinforcement learning purely in simulation. This system is made possible by 1) a hierarchical design of a high-level policy for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Haichao Zhang , Haonan Yu , Le Zhao , Andrew Choi , Qinxun Bai , Break Yang , Wei Xu

Robotic manipulation requires sophisticated commonsense reasoning, a capability naturally possessed by large-scale Vision-Language Models (VLMs). While VLMs show promise as zero-shot planners, their lack of grounded physical understanding…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Emily Yue-Ting Jia , Weiduo Yuan , Tianheng Shi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

Robot foundation models are beginning to deliver on the promise of generalist robotic agents, yet progress remains constrained by the scarcity of large-scale real-world manipulation datasets. Simulation and synthetic data generation offer a…

Autonomous systems often encounter environments and scenarios beyond the scope of their training data, which underscores a critical challenge: the need to generalize and adapt to unseen scenarios in real time. This challenge necessitates…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Tyler Ingebrand , Adam J. Thorpe , Ufuk Topcu

Simulation-to-real is the task of training and developing machine learning models and deploying them in real settings with minimal additional training. This approach is becoming increasingly popular in fields such as robotics. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yizhou Zhao , Yuanhong Zeng , Qian Long , Ying Nian Wu , Song-Chun Zhu

Humans' ability to smoothly switch between locomotion and manipulation is a remarkable feature of sensorimotor coordination. Leaning and replication of such human-like strategies can lead to the development of more sophisticated robots…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Jianzhuang Zhao , Francesco Tassi , Yanlong Huang , Elena De Momi , Arash Ajoudani

Pneumatic soft robots present many advantages in manipulation tasks. Notably, their inherent compliance makes them safe and reliable in unstructured and fragile environments. However, full-body shape sensing for pneumatic soft robots is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Uksang Yoo , Hanwen Zhao , Alvaro Altamirano , Wenzhen Yuan , Chen Feng

Forklifts are used extensively in various industrial settings and are in high demand for automation. In particular, counterbalance forklifts are highly versatile and employed in diverse scenarios. However, efforts to automate these…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Koshi Oishi , Teruki Kato , Hiroya Makino , Seigo Ito

Differentiable simulators promise to improve sample efficiency in robot learning by providing analytic gradients of the system dynamics. Yet, their application to contact-rich tasks like locomotion is complicated by the inherently…

Sim-to-real transfer remains a fundamental challenge in robot manipulation due to the entanglement of perception and control in end-to-end learning. We present a decoupled framework that learns each component where it is most reliable:…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jialei Huang , Zhaoheng Yin , Yingdong Hu , Shuo Wang , Xingyu Lin , Yang Gao

General-purpose robots must master long-horizon manipulation, defined as tasks involving multiple kinematic structure changes (e.g., attaching or detaching objects) in unstructured environments. While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yue Yang , Shuo Cheng , Yu Fang , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Mingyu Ding , Gedas Bertasius , Daniel Szafir

Generalizing to long-horizon manipulation tasks in a zero-shot setting remains a central challenge in robotics. Current multimodal foundation based approaches, despite their capabilities, typically fail to decompose high-level commands into…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Ke Ye , Jiaming Zhou , Yuanfeng Qiu , Jiayi Liu , Shihui Zhou , Kun-Yu Lin , Junwei Liang

Humanoid robots capable of autonomous operation in diverse environments have long been a goal for roboticists. However, autonomous manipulation by humanoid robots has largely been restricted to one specific scene, primarily due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yanjie Ze , Zixuan Chen , Wenhao Wang , Tianyi Chen , Xialin He , Ying Yuan , Xue Bin Peng , Jiajun Wu

Reinforcement learning from large-scale offline datasets provides us with the ability to learn policies without potentially unsafe or impractical exploration. Significant progress has been made in the past few years in dealing with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Philip J. Ball , Cong Lu , Jack Parker-Holder , Stephen Roberts

A critical bottleneck limiting imitation learning in robotics is the lack of data. This problem is more severe in mobile manipulation, where collecting demonstrations is harder than in stationary manipulation due to the lack of available…

We present ZSL-RPPO, an improved zero-shot learning architecture that overcomes the limitations of teacher-student neural networks and enables generating robust, reliable, and versatile locomotion for quadrupedal robots in challenging…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Yao Zhao , Tao Wu , Yijie Zhu , Xiang Lu , Jun Wang , Haitham Bou-Ammar , Xinyu Zhang , Peng Du

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated significant potential in real-world robotic manipulation. However, pre-trained VLA policies still suffer from substantial performance degradation during downstream deployment. Although…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Zhuo Li , Junjia Liu , Zhipeng Dong , Tao Teng , Quentin Rouxel , Darwin Caldwell , Fei Chen

Human-like dexterous hands with multiple fingers offer human-level manipulation capabilities, but training control policies that can directly deploy on real hardware remains difficult due to contact-rich physics and imperfect actuation. We…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Zhe Zhao , Haoyu Dong , Zhengmao He , Yang Li , Xinyu Yi , Zhibin Li