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Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) relies heavily on the Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), making NTT a major performance bottleneck due to its intensive polynomial computations. Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE), which integrates…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Hang Gu , Teng Wang , Qianyu Cheng , Jinao Li , Zhendong Zheng , Lei Gong , Wenqi Lou , Xi Li , Xuehai Zhou

Federated learning is a method used in machine learning to allow multiple devices to work together on a model without sharing their private data. Each participant keeps their private data on their system and trains a local model and only…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Feiran Yang

Homomorphic encryption (HE) is a privacy-preserving technique that enables computation directly over ciphertext. Unfortunately, a key challenge for HE is that implementations can be impractically slow and have limits on computation that can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Hsuan Hsiao , Vincent Lee , Brandon Reagen , Armin Alaghi

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE), particularly the CKKS scheme, is a promising enabler for privacy-preserving MLaaS, but its practical deployment faces a prohibitive barrier: it heavily relies on domain expertise. Configuring CKKS…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Nuo Xu , Zhaoting Gong , Ran Ran , Jinwei Tang , Wujie Wen , Caiwen Ding

Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) has become a growing trend in recent years and several such services are currently offered. MLaaS is essentially a set of services that provides machine learning tools and capabilities as part of cloud…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Daniel Takabi , Robert Podschwadt , Jeff Druce , Curt Wu , Kevin Procopio

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables computation on encrypted data without decryption, making it a cornerstone of privacy-preserving computation in untrusted environments. As HE sees growing adoption in sensitive applications such as secure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Matias Mazzanti , Augusto Vega , Pradip Bose , Esteban Mocskos

We investigate encrypted control policy synthesis over the cloud. While encrypted control implementations have been studied previously, we focus on the less explored paradigm of privacy-preserving control synthesis, which can involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jihoon Suh , Takashi Tanaka

Homomorphic Encryption (HE) enables users to securely outsource both the storage and computation of sensitive data to untrusted servers. Not only does HE offer an attractive solution for security in cloud systems, but lattice-based HE…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Kaustubh Shivdikar , Gilbert Jonatan , Evelio Mora , Neal Livesay , Rashmi Agrawal , Ajay Joshi , Jose Abellan , John Kim , David Kaeli

The rapid growth of cloud computing and data-driven applications has amplified privacy concerns, driven by the increasing demand to process sensitive data securely. Homomorphic encryption (HE) has become a vital solution for addressing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Faneela , Jawad Ahmad , Baraq Ghaleb , Sana Ullah Jan , William J. Buchanan

Large-scale eigenvalue computations on sparse matrices are a key component of graph analytics techniques based on spectral methods. In such applications, an exhaustive computation of all eigenvalues and eigenvectors is impractical and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Francesco Sgherzi , Alberto Parravicini , Marco Siracusa , Marco Domenico Santambrogio

As security demands increase, the importance of secure computation technologies grows, yet these technologies can often seem overwhelming to practitioners. Furthermore, many approaches focus only on a single technology, potentially…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Marcus Taubert , Adam Skuta , Thomas Loruenser

Homomorphic encryption (HE) enables privacy-preserving aggregation in federated learning (FL) by allowing the server to operate on encrypted data without decryption. Existing HE-over-the-air methods mainly rely on single-key HE schemes and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Anthony Ayli , Khalil Harris , Jihad Fahs , Mohamad Assaad

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) is a set of powerful cryptographic schemes that allows computation to be performed directly on encrypted data with an unlimited depth. Despite FHE's promising in privacy-preserving computing, yet in most…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Yi Huang , Xinsheng Gong , Xiangyu Kong , Dibei Chen , Jianfeng Zhu , Wenping Zhu , Liangwei Li , Mingyu Gao , Shaojun Wei , Aoyang Zhang , Leibo Liu

Data privacy is a significant concern when using numerical simulations for sensitive information such as medical, financial, or engineering data -- especially in untrusted environments like public cloud infrastructures. Fully homomorphic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Arseniy Kholod , Yuriy Polyakov , Michael Schlottke-Lakemper

As the application of deep learning continues to grow, so does the amount of data used to make predictions. While traditionally, big-data deep learning was constrained by computing performance and off-chip memory bandwidth, a new constraint…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Brandon Reagen , Wooseok Choi , Yeongil Ko , Vincent Lee , Gu-Yeon Wei , Hsien-Hsin S. Lee , David Brooks

GPUs are uniquely suited to accelerate (SQL) analytics workloads thanks to their massive compute parallelism and High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) -- when datasets fit in the GPU HBM, performance is unparalleled. Unfortunately, GPU HBMs remain…

The growing use of machine learning in cloud environments raises critical concerns about data security and privacy, especially in finance. Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) offers a solution by enabling computations on encrypted data, but…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Faneela , Baraq Ghaleb , Jawad Ahmad , William J. Buchanan , Sana Ullah Jan

With the expansion of cloud services, serious concerns about the privacy of users' data arise due to the exposure of the unencrypted data to the server during computation. Various security primitives are under investigation to preserve…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Zhehong Wang , Dennis Sylvester , Hun-Seok Kim , David Blaauw

Hybrid Homomorphic Encryption (HHE) combines symmetric key and homomorphic encryption to reduce ciphertext expansion crucial in client-server deployments of HE. Special symmetric ciphers, amenable to efficient HE evaluation, have been…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yeonsoo Jeon , Mattan Erez , Michael Orshansky

The dramatic increase of data breaches in modern computing platforms has emphasized that access control is not sufficient to protect sensitive user data. Recent advances in cryptography allow end-to-end processing of encrypted data without…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Eduardo Chielle , Oleg Mazonka , Homer Gamil , Michail Maniatakos