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Vision-language models (VLMs) have great potential for medical image understanding, particularly in Visual Report Generation (VRG) and Visual Question Answering (VQA), but they may generate hallucinated responses that contradict visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zehui Liao , Shishuai Hu , Ke Zou , Mengyuan Jin , Yanning Zhang , Huazhu Fu , Liangli Zhen , Yong Xia

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) suffer from hallucination a lot, generating responses that apparently contradict to the image content occasionally. The key problem lies in its weak ability to comprehend detailed content in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Zhiyang Chen , Yousong Zhu , Yufei Zhan , Zhaowen Li , Chaoyang Zhao , Jinqiao Wang , Ming Tang

We propose semantic entropy probes (SEPs), a cheap and reliable method for uncertainty quantification in Large Language Models (LLMs). Hallucinations, which are plausible-sounding but factually incorrect and arbitrary model generations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Jannik Kossen , Jiatong Han , Muhammed Razzak , Lisa Schut , Shreshth Malik , Yarin Gal

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have recently achieved impressive results in multimodal tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, they remain prone to object hallucination -- generating descriptions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jinlin Li , Yuran Wang , Yifei Yuan , Xiao Zhou , Yingying Zhang , Xixian Yong , Yefeng Zheng , Xian Wu

Reliable question answering with large language models (LLMs) is challenged by hallucinations, fluent but factually incorrect outputs arising from epistemic uncertainty. Existing entropy-based semantic-level uncertainty estimation methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Chaodong Tong , Qi Zhang , Lei Jiang , Yanbing Liu , Nannan Sun , Wei Li

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are an extension of Large Language Models (LLMs) that facilitate processing both image and text inputs, expanding AI capabilities. However, LVLMs struggle with object hallucinations due to their reliance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Avshalom Manevich , Reut Tsarfaty

Hallucinations in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) significantly undermine their reliability, motivating researchers to explore the causes of hallucination. However, most studies primarily focus on the language aspect rather than the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Zhangqi Jiang , Junkai Chen , Beier Zhu , Tingjin Luo , Yankun Shen , Xu Yang

Despite their remarkable progress in multimodal understanding tasks, large vision language models (LVLMs) often suffer from "hallucinations", generating texts misaligned with the visual context. Existing methods aimed at reducing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Sreetama Sarkar , Yue Che , Alex Gavin , Peter A. Beerel , Souvik Kundu

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) exhibit impressive ability to jointly reason over visual and textual inputs. However, they often produce outputs that are linguistically fluent but factually inconsistent with the visual evidence, i.e.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Zihu Wang , Boxun Xu , Yuxuan Xia , Peng Li

Although Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated powerful capabilities in interpreting visual information, they frequently produce content that deviates from visual information, leading to object hallucination. To tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Qiming Li , Zekai Ye , Xiaocheng Feng , Weihong Zhong , Libo Qin , Ruihan Chen , Baohang Li , Kui Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in multimodal tasks, but visual object hallucination remains a persistent issue. It refers to scenarios where models generate inaccurate visual object-related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Liqiang Jing , Guiming Hardy Chen , Ehsan Aghazadeh , Xin Eric Wang , Xinya Du

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved remarkable performance on diverse vision-language tasks. However, LVLMs still suffer from hallucinations, generating text that contradicts the visual input. Existing research has primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Zhenxin Qin , Qiang Li , Qingzhuo Wang , Ruiyang Qin , Zhihua Wei , Wen Shen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have revolutionized cross-modal understanding but continue to struggle with hallucinations - fabricated content contradicting visual inputs. Existing hallucination mitigation methods either incur…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Shangpin Peng , Senqiao Yang , Li Jiang , Zhuotao Tian

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have revolutionized the landscape of AI, demonstrating impressive capabilities in tackling complex vision and audio-language tasks. However, a critical challenge remains: these models often suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Itai Allouche , Joseph Keshet

A line of recent training-free methods for mitigating hallucinations in large vision-language models (LVLMs) operates by amplifying attention to visual tokens during autoregressive generation within a single forward pass. We refer to this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiacheng Zhang , Feng Liu , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang

Visual hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs), where the model generates responses that are inconsistent with the visual input, pose a significant challenge to their reliability, particularly in contexts where precise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Nokimul Hasan Arif , Shadman Rabby , Md Hefzul Hossain Papon , Sabbir Ahmed

While large multi-modal models (LMMs) demonstrate promising capabilities in segmentation and comprehension, they still struggle with two limitations: inaccurate segmentation and hallucinated comprehension. These challenges stem primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zhang Li , Biao Yang , Qiang Liu , Shuo Zhang , Zhiyin Ma , Liang Yin , Linger Deng , Yabo Sun , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Hallucination in large language models (LLMs) can be detected by assessing the uncertainty of model outputs, typically measured using entropy. Semantic entropy (SE) enhances traditional entropy estimation by quantifying uncertainty at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Dang Nguyen , Ali Payani , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal abilities but remain prone to multilingual object hallucination, with a higher likelihood of generating responses inconsistent with the visual input when utilizing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Zekai Ye , Qiming Li , Xiaocheng Feng , Libo Qin , Yichong Huang , Baohang Li , Kui Jiang , Yang Xiang , Zhirui Zhang , Yunfei Lu , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive performance in multimodal tasks, but they still suffer from hallucinations, i.e., generating content that is grammatically accurate but inconsistent with visual inputs. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Chenxi Li , Yichen Guo , Benfang Qian , Jinhao You , Kai Tang , Yaosong Du , Zonghao Zhang , Xiande Huang