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Intracortical brain-machine interfaces demand low-latency, energy-efficient solutions for neural decoding. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) deployed on neuromorphic hardware have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in neural decoding by…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Francesca Rivelli , Martin Popov , Charalampos S. Kouzinopoulos , Guangzhi Tang

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which mimic biological neural system to convey information via discrete spikes, are well known as brain-inspired models with excellent computing efficiency. By utilizing the surrogate gradient estimation for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Zekai Xu , Kang You , Qinghai Guo , Xiang Wang , Zhezhi He

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) exhibit exceptional energy efficiency on neuromorphic hardware due to their sparse activation patterns. However, conventional training methods based on surrogate gradients and Backpropagation Through Time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Xiaochen Zhao , Chengting Yu , Kairong Yu , Lei Liu , Aili Wang

Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based inference on battery-powered devices can be made more energy-efficient by restricting the synaptic weights to be binary, hence eliminating the need to perform multiplications. An alternative, emerging,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Hyeryung Jang , Nicolas Skatchkovsky , Osvaldo Simeone

Efficient communication is central to both biological and artificial intelligence (AI) systems. In biological brains, the challenge of long-range communication across regions is addressed through sparse, spike-based signaling, minimizing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Joshua Nardone , Ruijie Zhu , Joseph Callenes , Mohammed E. Elbtity , Ramtin Zand , Jason Eshraghian

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) take inspiration from the brain to enable energy-efficient computations. Since the advent of Transformers, SNNs have struggled to compete with artificial networks on modern sequential tasks, as they inherit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-01-03 Matei Ioan Stan , Oliver Rhodes

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN). SNNs are based on a more biologically inspired approach than usual artificial neural networks. Such models are characterized by complex dynamics between neurons and spikes. These are very sensitive to the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-06 Thomas Firmin , Pierre Boulet , El-Ghazali Talbi

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are well suited for resource-constrained applications as they do not need expensive multipliers. In a typical rate-encoded SNN, a series of binary spikes within a globally fixed time window is used to fire the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Zhanglu Yan , Jun Zhou , Weng-Fai Wong

Known as low energy consumption networks, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have gained a lot of attention within the past decades. While SNNs are increasing competitive with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for vision tasks, they are rarely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Shuaijie Shen , Chao Wang , Renzhuo Huang , Yan Zhong , Qinghai Guo , Zhichao Lu , Jianguo Zhang , Luziwei Leng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs), providing more realistic neuronal dynamics, have been shown to achieve performance comparable to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) in several machine learning tasks. Information is processed as spikes within…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jiaqi Lin , Sen Lu , Malyaban Bal , Abhronil Sengupta

We introduce a dynamic sparse training algorithm based on linearized Bregman iterations / mirror descent that exploits the naturally incurred sparsity by alternating between periods of static and dynamic sparsity pattern updates. The key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yannick Lunk , Sebastian J. Scott , Leon Bungert

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are becoming a promising alternative to conventional artificial neural networks (ANNs) due to their rich neural dynamics and the implementation of energy-efficient neuromorphic chips. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Jiahao Su , Kang You , Zekai Xu , Weizhi Xu , Zhezhi He

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) can utilize spatio-temporal information and have a nature of energy efficiency which is a good alternative to deep neural networks(DNNs). The event-driven information processing makes SNNs can reduce the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Changqing Xu , Yi Liu , Yintang Yang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged with promising energy-efficient property, yet a substantial performance gap persists compared to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). This gap stems from at least two key limitations: first,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Feifan Zhou , Xiang Wei , Yang Liu , Qiang Yu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are distributed trainable systems whose computing elements, or neurons, are characterized by internal analog dynamics and by digital and sparse synaptic communications. The sparsity of the synaptic spiking…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-22 Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone , Brian Gardner , André Grüning

Deep neural networks have been proven to be highly effective tools in various domains, yet their computational and memory costs restrict them from being widely deployed on portable devices. The recent rapid increase of edge computing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Ayan Shymyrbay , Mohammed E. Fouda , Ahmed Eltawil

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are being explored for their potential energy efficiency resulting from sparse, event-driven computations. Many recent works have demonstrated effective backpropagation for deep Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Jason M. Allred , Steven J. Spencer , Gopalakrishnan Srinivasan , Kaushik Roy

Inspired by more detailed modeling of biological neurons, Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been investigated both as more biologically plausible and potentially more powerful models of neural computation, and also with the aim of…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Bojian Yin , Federico Corradi , Sander M. Bohte

Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is acknowledged as the next generation of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and hold great promise in effectively processing spatial-temporal information. However, the choice of timestep becomes crucial as it…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Dengyu Wu , Yi Qi , Kaiwen Cai , Gaojie Jin , Xinping Yi , Xiaowei Huang

Deep 'Analog Artificial Neural Networks' (ANNs) perform complex classification problems with remarkably high accuracy. However, they rely on humongous amount of power to perform the calculations, veiling the accuracy benefits. The…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Parami Wijesinghe , Aayush Ankit , Abhronil Sengupta , Kaushik Roy