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This paper presents a multimodal framework that attempts to unify visual understanding and generation within a shared discrete semantic representation. At its core is the Text-Aligned Tokenizer (TA-Tok), which converts images into discrete…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jiaming Han , Hao Chen , Yang Zhao , Hanyu Wang , Qi Zhao , Ziyan Yang , Hao He , Xiangyu Yue , Lu Jiang

Autoregressive (AR) language models rely on causal tokenization, but extending this paradigm to vision remains non-trivial. Current visual tokenizers either flatten 2D patches into non-causal sequences or enforce heuristic orderings that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yitong Chen , Zuxuan Wu , Xipeng Qiu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Image tokenization plays a critical role in reducing the computational demands of modeling high-resolution images, significantly improving the efficiency of image and multimodal understanding and generation. Recent advances in 1D latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Ze Wang , Hao Chen , Benran Hu , Jiang Liu , Ximeng Sun , Jialian Wu , Yusheng Su , Xiaodong Yu , Emad Barsoum , Zicheng Liu

Bridging different modalities lies at the heart of cross-modality generation. While conventional approaches treat the text modality as a conditioning signal that gradually guides the denoising process from Gaussian noise to the target image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ju He , Qihang Yu , Qihao Liu , Liang-Chieh Chen

Advancements in text-to-image generative AI with large multimodal models are spreading into the field of image compression, creating high-quality representation of images at extremely low bit rates. This work introduces novel components to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Cheng-Lin Wu , Hyomin Choi , Ivan V. Bajić

The differing representation spaces required for visual understanding and generation pose a challenge in unifying them within the autoregressive paradigm of large language models. A vision tokenizer trained for reconstruction excels at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Wei Song , Yuran Wang , Zijia Song , Yadong Li , Zenan Zhou , Long Chen , Jianhua Xu , Jiaqi Wang , Kaicheng Yu

We completely discard the conventional spatial prior in image representation and introduce a novel discrete visual tokenizer: Self-consistency Tokenizer (Selftok). At its design core, we compose an autoregressive (AR) prior -- mirroring the…

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have emerged with strong performance across diverse audio understanding tasks and can be further enhanced by neural audio codecs. Transitioning from multi-layer residual vector quantizers to a…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Jingyi Li , Zhiyuan Zhao , Zhisheng Zhang , Yunfei Liu , Lijian Lin , Ye Zhu , Jiahao Wu , Qiuqiang Kong , Yu Li

This paper proposes a fundamentally new paradigm for image generation through set-based tokenization and distribution modeling. Unlike conventional methods that serialize images into fixed-position latent codes with a uniform compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Zigang Geng , Mengde Xu , Han Hu , Shuyang Gu

Encoding video content into compact latent tokens has become a fundamental step in video generation and understanding, driven by the need to address the inherent redundancy in pixel-level representations. Consequently, there is a growing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Anni Tang , Tianyu He , Junliang Guo , Xinle Cheng , Li Song , Jiang Bian

Recently, token-based generation have demonstrated their effectiveness in image synthesis. As a representative example, non-autoregressive Transformers (NATs) can generate decent-quality images in a few steps. NATs perform generation in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Zanlin Ni , Yulin Wang , Renping Zhou , Yizeng Han , Jiayi Guo , Zhiyuan Liu , Yuan Yao , Gao Huang

Autoregressive modeling has driven major advances in multimodal AI, yet its application to medical imaging remains constrained by the absence of a unified image tokenizer that simultaneously preserves fine-grained anatomical structures and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-02 Chenglong Ma , Yuanfeng Ji , Jin Ye , Zilong Li , Chenhui Wang , Junzhi Ning , Wei Li , Lihao Liu , Qiushan Guo , Tianbin Li , Junjun He , Hongming Shan

We present AToken, the first unified visual tokenizer that achieves both high-fidelity reconstruction and semantic understanding across images, videos, and 3D assets. Unlike existing tokenizers that specialize in either reconstruction or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jiasen Lu , Liangchen Song , Mingze Xu , Byeongjoo Ahn , Yanjun Wang , Chen Chen , Afshin Dehghan , Yinfei Yang

In this paper, we focus on motion discrete tokenization, which converts raw motion into compact discrete tokens--a process proven crucial for efficient motion generation. In this paradigm, increasing the number of tokens is a common…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Sheng Yan , Yong Wang , Xin Du , Junsong Yuan , Mengyuan Liu

Unified Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) require a visual representation that simultaneously supports high-fidelity reconstruction, complex semantic extraction, and generative suitability. However, existing visual tokenizers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Shaobin Zhuang , Yuang Ai , Jiaming Han , Weijia Mao , Xiaohui Li , Fangyikang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yan Li , Shanchuan Lin , Kun Xu , Zhenheng Yang , Huaibo Huang , Xiangyu Yue , Hao Chen , Yali Wang

We introduce UniToken, an auto-regressive generation model that encodes visual inputs through a combination of discrete and continuous representations, enabling seamless integration of unified visual understanding and image generation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yang Jiao , Haibo Qiu , Zequn Jie , Shaoxiang Chen , Jingjing Chen , Lin Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

The rapid development of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has introduced significant opportunities for enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of image transmission within semantic communication systems. Despite these advancements,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Qiyu Ma , Wanli Ni , Zhijin Qin

We introduce CompTok, a training framework for learning visual tokenizers whose tokens are enhanced for compositionality. CompTok uses a token-conditioned diffusion decoder. By employing an InfoGAN-style objective, where we train a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Bingchen Zhao , Qiushan Guo , Ye Wang , Yixuan Huang , Zhonghua Zhai , Yu Tian

Tokenization plays a critical role in language modeling, yet existing approaches such as Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE) or WordPiece operate purely on frequency statistics, ignoring the underlying semantic structure of text. This leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Dong Liu , Yanxuan Yu

We present a new perspective of achieving image synthesis by viewing this task as a visual token generation problem. Different from existing paradigms that directly synthesize a full image from a single input (e.g., a latent code), the new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Yanhong Zeng , Huan Yang , Hongyang Chao , Jianbo Wang , Jianlong Fu