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Deep neural networks (DNN) are prone to miscalibrated predictions, often exhibiting a mismatch between the predicted output and the associated confidence scores. Contemporary model calibration techniques mitigate the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Ramya Hebbalaguppe , Rishabh Patra , Tirtharaj Dash , Gautam Shroff , Lovekesh Vig

Adapting pre-trained large language models to different domains in natural language processing requires two key considerations: high computational demands and model's inability to continual adaptation. To simultaneously address both issues,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Srikanth Malla , Joon Hee Choi , Chiho Choi

Existing methods for evaluating large language models face challenges such as data contamination, sensitivity to prompts, and the high cost of benchmark creation. To address this, we propose a lossless data compression based evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yucheng Li , Yunhao Guo , Frank Guerin , Chenghua Lin

Large language models(LLMs) containing tens of billions of parameters (or even more) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in various NLP tasks. However, substantial model size poses challenges to training, inference, and deployment so…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Yupeng Ji , Yibo Cao , Jiucai Liu

Fine-tuning is a crucial process for adapting large language models (LLMs) to diverse applications. In certain scenarios, such as multi-tenant serving, deploying multiple LLMs becomes necessary to meet complex demands. Recent studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Bowen Ping , Shuo Wang , Hanqing Wang , Xu Han , Yuzhuang Xu , Yukun Yan , Yun Chen , Baobao Chang , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, such impressive capability typically comes with a substantial model size, which presents significant challenges in both the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Xinyin Ma , Gongfan Fang , Xinchao Wang

Communication has emerged as a critical bottleneck in the distributed training of large language models (LLMs). While numerous approaches have been proposed to reduce communication overhead, the potential of lossless compression has…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Wenxiang Lin , Xinglin Pan , Ruibo Fan , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Despite the superior performance, it is challenging to deploy foundation models or large language models (LLMs) due to their massive parameters and computations. While pruning is a promising technique to reduce model size and accelerate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Pu Zhao , Fei Sun , Xuan Shen , Pinrui Yu , Zhenglun Kong , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

Careful curation of data sources can significantly improve the performance of LLM pre-training, but predominant approaches rely heavily on intuition or costly trial-and-error, making them difficult to generalize across different data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Thomson Yen , Andrew Wei Tung Siah , Haozhe Chen , Tianyi Peng , Daniel Guetta , Hongseok Namkoong

ML-powered code generation aims to assist developers to write code in a more productive manner, by intelligently generating code blocks based on natural language prompts. Recently, large pretrained deep learning models have substantially…

The growing use of large language models has raised environmental and economic concerns about their intensity of resource usage during inference. Serving these models to each user requires substantial energy and water for cooling. Model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Deyu Cao , Samin Aref

Recurrent neural networks have proved to be an effective method for statistical language modeling. However, in practice their memory and run-time complexity are usually too large to be implemented in real-time offline mobile applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-09 Artem M. Grachev , Dmitry I. Ignatov , Andrey V. Savchenko

Existing pruning methods for large language models (LLMs) focus on achieving high compression rates while maintaining model performance. Although these methods have demonstrated satisfactory performance in handling a single user's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Rongguang Ye , Ming Tang

We introduce compression laws for language language models (LLMs). While recent scaling laws have sought to understand how LLMs scale with respect to model size, pre-training data, and computational resources, we focus on understanding how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ayan Sengupta , Siddhant Chaudhary , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have recently achieved great success in many visual recognition tasks. However, existing deep neural network models are computationally expensive and memory intensive, hindering their deployment in devices with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Yu Cheng , Duo Wang , Pan Zhou , Tao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) excel at language understanding and generation, but their enormous computational and memory requirements hinder deployment. Compression offers a potential solution to mitigate these constraints. However, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Huanrong Liu , Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Qingbiao Li , Li Li

Post-Training Quantization (PTQ) compresses large language models to low bit-widths using a small calibration set, and its quality depends strongly on which samples are chosen. We identify a failure mode in which calibration samples fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Ibne Farabi Shihab , Sanjeda Akter , Anuj Sharma

Pruning is an effective method for compressing Large Language Models, but finding an optimal, non-uniform layer-wise sparsity allocation remains a key challenge. While heuristic methods are fast but yield suboptimal performance, more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xin Yuan , Siqi Li , Jiateng Wei , Chengrui Zhu , Yanming Wu , Qingpeng Li , Jiajun Lv , Xiaoke Lan , Jun Chen , Yong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional reasoning abilities, enabling strong generalization across diverse tasks such as commonsense reasoning and instruction following. However, as LLMs scale, inference costs become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Rhea Sanjay Sukthanker , Benedikt Staffler , Frank Hutter , Aaron Klein

Training data compositions for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly affect their downstream performance. However, a thorough data ablation study exploring large sets of candidate data mixtures is typically prohibitively expensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Clara Na , Ian Magnusson , Ananya Harsh Jha , Tom Sherborne , Emma Strubell , Jesse Dodge , Pradeep Dasigi