Related papers: inference-fleet-sim: A Queueing-Theory-Grounded Fl…

Modern LLM GPU fleets are provisioned for worst-case context lengths that the vast majority of requests never approach, wasting GPU capacity on idle KV-cache slots. We present FleetOpt, a framework that starts from first principles: given a…

Production vLLM fleets provision every instance for worst-case context length, wasting 4-8x concurrency on the 80-95% of requests that are short and simultaneously triggering KV-cache failures -- OOM crashes, preemption storms, and request…

Large language models now serve millions of users daily, with providers incurring costs exceeding $700,000 per day. Each request requires token-by-token inference, making GPU scheduling central to latency, capacity, and cost. The difficulty…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly becoming critical infrastructure for enterprise applications, driving unprecedented demand for GPU-based inference services. A key operational challenge arises from the two-phase nature of LLM…

LLMs are increasingly used world-wide from daily tasks to agentic systems and data analytics, requiring significant GPU resources. LLM inference systems, however, are slow compared to database systems, and inference performance and…

Efficient LLM inference on resource-constrained devices presents significant challenges in compute and memory utilization. Due to limited GPU memory, existing systems offload model weights to CPU memory, incurring substantial I/O overhead…

Production vLLM fleets typically provision each instance for the worst-case context length, leading to substantial KV-cache over-allocation and under-utilized concurrency. In practice, 80-95% of requests are short, yet are served under…

As machine learning techniques are applied to a widening range of applications, high throughput machine learning (ML) inference servers have become critical for online service applications. Such ML inference servers pose two challenges:…

Large language models have demonstrated extraordinary performance in many AI tasks but are expensive to use, even after training, due to their requirement of high-end GPUs. Recently, a distributed system called PETALS was developed to lower…

Modern GPUs adopt chiplet-based designs with multiple private cache hierarchies, but current programming models (CUDA/HIP) expose a flat execution hierarchy that cannot express chiplet-level locality or synchronization. This mismatch leads…

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has created significant challenges for efficient inference at scale. Unlike traditional workloads, LLM inference is constrained by both computation and the memory overhead of key-value (KV)…

Large language models~(LLMs) are known for their high demand on computing resources and memory due to their substantial model size, which leads to inefficient inference on moderate GPU systems. Techniques like quantization or pruning can…

RAPID-LLM is a unified performance modeling framework for large language model (LLM) training and inference on GPU clusters. It couples a DeepFlow-based frontend that generates hardware-aware, operator-level Chakra execution traces from an…

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs), efficiently serving LLM inference under limited GPU resources has become a critical challenge. Recently, an increasing number of studies have explored applying serverless computing…

Deploying a large language model (LLM) inference service remains costly because centralized serving depends on specialized GPU clusters and high-bandwidth interconnects in datacenters. An appealing alternative is to leverage collaborative…

Recent breakthroughs in Large-scale language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various tasks. The immense sizes of LLMs have led to very high resource demand and cost for running the models. Though the models are…

Efficient LLM inference is critical for real-world applications, especially within heterogeneous GPU clusters commonly found in organizations and on-premise datacenters as GPU architecture rapidly evolves. Current disaggregated prefill…

Multi-tenant machine learning services have become emerging data-intensive workloads in data centers with heavy usage of GPU resources. Due to the large scale, many tuning parameters and heavy resource usage, it is usually impractical to…

Large language model (LLM) training today runs on clusters spanning thousands of GPUs. While this scale enables rapid model advances, developing, debugging, and performance-tuning the training framework inevitably becomes complex and…

The surge in large language models (LLMs) has fundamentally reshaped the landscape of GPU usage patterns, creating an urgent need for more efficient management strategies. While cloud providers employ spot instances to reduce costs for…