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Related papers: Rethinking Frequency Control in Power Systems

200 papers

Model predictive control (MPC) is a popular control engineering practice, but requires a sound knowledge of the model. Model-free predictive control (MFPC), a burning issue today, also related to reinforcement learning (RL) in AI, is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-23 Cédric Join , Emmanuel Delaleau , Michel Fliess

With the increasing penetration of Inverter-Based Resources (IBRs), power system stability constraints must be incorporated into the operational framework, transforming it into stability-constrained optimization. Currently, there exist…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-19 Wangkun Xu , Zhongda Chu , Florin Capitanescu , Fei Teng

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources exacerbates the spatial and temporal differences in frequency across the power system, posing a serious challenge to the accurate and efficient assessment of system frequency security.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Changjun He , Hua Geng , Xiuqiang He , Chen Shen , Yushuang Liu

To address the control challenges associated with the increasing share of inverter-connected renewable energy resources, this paper proposes a direct data-driven approach for fast frequency control in the bulk power system. The proposed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-12 Etinosa Ekomwenrenren , John W. Simpson-Porco , Evangelos Farantatos , Mahendra Patel , Aboutaleb Haddadi , Lin Zhu

To ensure adequate and economic reserve for primary frequency response in the current and future power system, this paper proposes real-time frequency response reserve (FRR) requirement based on system inertia. This minimum FRR will help…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-15 Shutang You

In this paper, frequency dynamics in modern power systems with a high penetration of converter-based generation is analysed. A fundamental analysis of the frequency dynamics is performed to identify the limitations and challenges when the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-26 Carlos Collados-Rodriguez , Daniel Westerman Spier , Marc Cheah-Mane , Eduardo Prieto-Araujo , Oriol Gomis-Bellmunt

A precise estimation of the Rate of Change of Frequency (RoCoF) is crucial for secure power system operation. In fact, RoCoF is strictly related to the amount of the available physical and/or virtual inertia of the system and the severity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-06 Gutierrez-Florensa , F. Sanniti , D. Tedeschi , L. Sigrist , A. Ortega , F. Milano

Load frequency control (LFC) is widely employed in power systems to stabilize frequency fluctuation and guarantee power quality. However, most existing LFC methods rely on accurate power system modeling and usually ignore the nonlinear…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-08 Xiaodi Chen , Meng Zhang , Zhengguang Wu , Ligang Wu , Xiaohong Guan

The renewable energy is connected to the power grid through power electronic converters, which are lack of make the inertia of synchronous generator/machine (SM) be lost. The increasing penetration of renewable energy in power system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-15 Yuan Gao , Hai-Peng Ren , Jie Li

The increasing penetration of converter-based renewable generation has resulted in faster frequency dynamics, and low and variable inertia. As a result, there is a need for frequency control methods that are able to stabilize a disturbance…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-13 Jie Feng , Manasa Muralidharan , Rodrigo Henriquez-Auba , Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez , Yuanyuan Shi

As power systems transit to a state of high renewable penetration, little or no presence of synchronous generators makes the prerequisite of well-regulated frequency for grid-following inverters unrealistic. Thus, there is a trend to resort…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-16 Yan Jiang , Andrey Bernstein , Petr Vorobev , Enrique Mallada

In this paper, we introduce Voltage Phasor Control (VPC), also known as Phasor Based Control, as a novel way of implementing Optimal Power Flow (OPF). Unlike conventional OPF, in which the power flow optimization broadcasts power…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-19 Keith Moffat , Alexandra von Meier

This paper proposes a novel load frequency control (LFC) approach formulated on an optimal structure of the coefficient diagram method (CDM) in a two-area thermal power system. As part of a realistic analysis, nonlinearities related to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-16 Jalal Heidary , Hassan Rastegar

The applicability of fractional order (FO) automatic generation control (AGC) for power system frequency oscillation damping is investigated in this paper, employing distributed energy generation. The hybrid power system employs various…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-11-30 Indranil Pan , Saptarshi Das

Model predictive control (MPC) is a powerful control method that allows to directly include state and input constraints into the controller design. However, errors in the model, e.g., caused by unknown disturbances, can lead to constraint…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-08 Felix Brändle , Frank Allgöwer

The increasing penetration of non-synchronous renewable energy sources (NS-RES) alters the dynamic characteristic, and consequently, the frequency behaviour of a power system. To accurately identify these changing trends and address them in…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2017-08-03 Ahmad Shabir Ahmadyar , Shariq Riaz , Gregor Verbic , Archie Chapman , David J. Hill

The reduced inertia in power system introduces more operation risks and challenges to frequency regulation. The existing virtual inertia and frequency support control are restricted by the normally non-dispatchable energy resources behind…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-30 Chu Sun , Syed Qaseem Ali , Geza Joos

In control applications there is often a compromise that needs to be made with regards to the complexity and performance of the controller and the computational resources that are available. For instance, the typical hardware platform in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-30 Eivind Bøhn , Sebastien Gros , Signe Moe , Tor Arne Johansen

To address the frequency stability challenges posed by the rising penetration of power electronics in power systems, HVDC-connected offshore wind power plants (OWPPs) are increasingly expected to provide inertial response and frequency…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-25 Zhenghua XU , Dominic Groß , George Alin Raducu , Behnam Nouri , Oscar Saborío-Romano , Nicolaos A. Cutululis

Integrating time-frequency resource conversion (TFRC), a new network resource allocation strategy, with call admission control can not only increase the cell capacity but also reduce network congestion effectively. However, the optimal…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-05-24 Hangguan Shan , Yani Zhang , Weihua Zhuang , Aiping Huang , Zhaoyang Zhang