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We consider the concept of fundamental bias in gravitational wave astrophysics as the assumption that general relativity is the correct theory of gravity during the entire wave-generation and propagation regime. Such an assumption is valid…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-12-30 Nicolas Yunes , Frans Pretorius

Tests of general relativity (GR) can be systematically biased when our waveform models are inaccurate. We here study systematic biases in tests of general relativity induced by neglecting lensing effects for millilensed gravitational-wave…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-30 Anna Liu , Rohit S. Chandramouli , Otto A. Hannuksela , Nicolás Yunes , Tjonnie G. F. Li

With the increasing wealth of high-quality astronomical and cosmological data and the manifold departures from General Relativity in principle conceivable, the development of generalized parametrization frameworks that unify gravitational…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-22 Lucas Lombriser

We study the robustness of parametrized post-Einsteinian (ppE) tests of General Relativity (GR) with gravitational waves, due to waveform inaccuracy. In particular, we determine the properties of the signal -- signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-25 Rohit S. Chandramouli , Kaitlyn Prokup , Emanuele Berti , Nicolás Yunes

Our ability to calibrate current kilometer-scale interferometers can potentially confound the inference of astrophysical signals. Current calibration uncertainties are well described by a Gaussian process. I exploit this description to…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-27 Reed Essick

The phase evolution of gravitational waves encodes critical information about the orbital dynamics of binary systems. In this work, we test the robustness of parameterized tests against unmodeled deviations from general relativity. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-02-20 Brian C. Seymour , Jacob Golomb , Yanbei Chen

Accurate modeling of gravitational waveforms from compact binary coalescences remains central to gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy. Post-Newtonian (PN) approximations capture the early inspiral dynamics analytically but break down near…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-04-16 Jooheon Yoo , Michael Boyle , Nils Deppe

Detections of gravitational waves emitted by binary black holes allow for tests of General Relativity in the strong-field regime. In particular, deviations from General Relativity can be observed by comparing incoming signals to waveform…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-08-07 Peter T. H. Pang , Juan Calderón Bustillo , Yifan Wang , Tjonnie G. F. Li

The observations of gravitational-wave signals from astrophysical sources such as binary inspirals will be used to test General Relativity for self consistency and against alternative theories of gravity. I describe a simple formula that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-09 Michele Vallisneri

We study the phenomenological consequences of amplitude-corrected post-Newtonian (PN) gravitational waveforms, as opposed to the more commonly used restricted PN waveforms, for the quasi-circular, adiabatic inspiral of compact binary…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Chris Van Den Broeck , Anand S. Sengupta

Thanks to the recent discoveries of gravitational wave signals from binary black hole mergers by Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory and Advanced Virgo, the genuinely strong-field dynamics of spacetime can now be…

General relativity predicts the gravitational wave signatures of coalescing binary black holes. Explicit waveform predictions for such systems, required for optimal analysis of observational data, have so far been achieved using the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 John G. Baker , James R. van Meter , Sean T. McWilliams , Joan Centrella , Bernard J. Kelly

The coalescence of binary black holes (BBHs) provides a unique arena to test general relativity (GR) in the dynamical, strong-field regime. To this end, we present pSEOBNRv5PHM, a parametrized, multipolar, spin-precessing waveform model for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-24 Lorenzo Pompili , Elisa Maggio , Hector O. Silva , Alessandra Buonanno

Calibration is a fundamental property of a good predictive model: it requires that the model predicts correctly in proportion to its confidence. Modern neural networks, however, provide no strong guarantees on their calibration -- and can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 A. Michael Carrell , Neil Mallinar , James Lucas , Preetum Nakkiran

Gravitational wave observations offer unique opportunities to probe gravity in the strong and dynamical regime, which was difficult to access previously. We here review two theory-agnostic ways to carry out tests of general relativity with…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-19 Zack Carson , Kent Yagi

We present a machine learning framework for testing general relativity (GR) with gravitational wave signals from binary black hole mergers. Using the source parameters of 173 BBH events from the GWTC catalog as a realistic astrophysical…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-13 Lavinia Heisenberg , Shayan Hemmatyar , Hector Villarrubia-Rojo

Calibration error is commonly adopted for evaluating the quality of uncertainty estimators in deep neural networks. In this paper, we argue that such a metric is highly beneficial for training predictive models, even when we do not…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-01 Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Bindya Venkatesh , Deepta Rajan

If general relativity is an emergent phenomenon, there may be small violations of diffeomorphism invariance. We propose a phenomenology of perturbatively small violations of general relativity by the inclusion of terms which break general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-05-29 Mohamed M. Anber , Ufuk Aydemir , John F. Donoghue

Gravitational waves have been instrumental in providing deep insights into the nature of gravity. Next-generation detectors, such as the Einstein Telescope, are predicted to have a higher detection rate given the increased sensitivity and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-02 Yixuan Dang , Ziming Wang , Dicong Liang , Lijing Shao

Accurate waveform models describing the complete evolution of compact binaries are crucial for the maximum likelihood detection framework, testing the predictions of General Relativity (GR) and investigating the possibility of an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-01 Harsh Narola , Soumen Roy , Anand S. Sengupta