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The widespread sharing of consumers personal information with third parties raises significant privacy concerns. The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) mandates that online businesses offer consumers the option to opt out of the sale…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Van Tran , Aarushi Mehrotra , Marshini Chetty , Nick Feamster , Jens Frankenreiter , Lior Strahilevitz

The California Consumer Protection Act (CCPA) gives users the right to opt-out of sale of their personal information, but prior work has found that opt-out mechanisms provided under this law result in very low opt-out rates. Privacy signals…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Aden Siebel , Eleanor Birrell

Data protection regulations, such as GDPR and CCPA, require websites and embedded third-parties, especially advertisers, to seek user consent before they can collect and process user data. Only when the users opt in, can these entities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zengrui Liu , Umar Iqbal , Nitesh Saxena

The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) secures the right to Opt-Out for consumers in California. However, websites may implement complex consent mechanisms that potentially do not capture the user's true choices. We investigated the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Torsha Mazumdar , Daniel Timko , Muhammad Lutfor Rahman

To protect consumer privacy, the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) mandates that businesses provide consumers with a straightforward way to opt out of the sale and sharing of their personal information. However, the control that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Van Hong Tran , Aarushi Mehrotra , Ranya Sharma , Marshini Chetty , Nick Feamster , Jens Frankenreiter , Lior Strahilevitz

The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) -- which began enforcement on July 1, 2020 -- grants California users the affirmative right to opt-out of the sale of their personal information. In this work, we perform a series of observational…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Sean O'Connor , Ryan Nurwono , Aden Siebel , Eleanor Birrell

We examine machine learning models in a setup where individuals have the choice to share optional personal information with a decision-making system, as seen in modern insurance pricing models. Some users consent to their data being used…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Tobias Leemann , Martin Pawelczyk , Christian Thomas Eberle , Gjergji Kasneci

Many mobile apps' business model is based on sharing user data with ad networks to deliver personalized ads. The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) gives California residents a right to opt out. In two experiments we evaluate to which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Sebastian Zimmeck , Nishant Aggarwal , Zachary Liu , Sage Altman , Konrad Kollnig

Users need to configure default apps when they first start using their devices. The privacy configurations of the default apps do not always match what users think they have initially enabled. We first systematically evaluated the privacy…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Amel Bourdoucen , Janne Lindqvist

Vagueness and ambiguity in privacy policies threaten the ability of consumers to make informed choices about how businesses collect, use, and share their personal information. The California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) of 2018 was intended…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Rex Chen , Fei Fang , Thomas Norton , Aleecia M. McDonald , Norman Sadeh

We need to rethink our approach to defend privacy on the internet. Currently, policymakers focus heavily on the idea of informed consent as a means to defend privacy. For instance, in many countries the law requires firms to obtain an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

The massive growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) as a network of interconnected entities [18], brings up new challenges in terms of privacy and security requirements to the traditional software engineering domain [4]. To protect the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Parvaneh Shayegh , Vijayanta Jain , Amin Rabinia , Sepideh Ghanavati

Software systems are ubiquitous, and their use is ingrained in our everyday lives. They enable us to get in touch with people quickly and easily, support us in gathering information, and help us perform our daily tasks. In return, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-10-27 Wasja Brunotte , Alexander Specht , Larissa Chazette , Kurt Schneider

We need to rethink our approach to defend privacy on the internet. Currently, policymakers focus heavily on the idea of informed consent as a means to defend privacy. For instance, in many countries the law requires firms to obtain an…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Frederik Zuiderveen Borgesius

The rise of cookie paywalls ('pay-or-ok' models) has prompted growing debates around the right to privacy and data protection, monetisation, and the legitimacy of user consent. Despite their increasing use across sectors, limited research…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Victor Morel , Farzaneh Karegar , Cristiana Santos

Over the past decade, programmatic advertising has received a great deal of attention in the online advertising industry. A real-time bidding (RTB) system is rapidly becoming the most popular method to buy and sell online advertising…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-29 Ido Zehori , Nevo Itzhak , Yuval Shahar , Mia Dor Schiller

Online Social Networks (OSNs) have come to play an increasingly important role in our social lives, and their inherent privacy problems have become a major concern for users. Can we assist consumers in their privacy decision-making…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-06-27 Cailing Dong , Hongxia Jin , Bart P. Knijnenburg

Protecting personal information privacy has become a controversial issue among online social network providers and users. Most social network providers have developed several techniques to decrease threats and risks to the users privacy.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2013-05-14 Nahier Aldhafferi , Charles Watson , A. S. M Sajeev

We study an information theoretic privacy mechanism design problem for two scenarios where the private data is either observable or hidden. In each scenario, we first consider bounded mutual information as privacy leakage criterion, then we…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Amirreza Zamani , Tobias J. Oechtering , Mikael Skoglund

Inspired by the design patterns of object-oriented software architecture, we offer an initial set of "privacy patterns". Our intent is to describe the most important ways in which software systems can offer privacy to their stakeholders. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-12-07 Clark Thomborson
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