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Let G be any additive abelian group with cyclic torsion subgroup, and let A, B and C be finite subsets of G with cardinality n>0. We show that there is a numbering {a_i}_{i=1}^n of the elements of A, a numbering {b_i}_{i=1}^n of the…
After a brief review of current scenarios for the resolution and/or avoidance of the Big Bang, an alternative hypothesis is put forward implying an infinite increase in complexity towards the initial singularity. This may result in an…
The unity of mathematics has its power to compactify experiences in a form capable of being transferred and modified or adapted to new mathematical situations. Yet, we believe that the phrase "Unity of Mathematics" expresses a dream, an…
We survey large value problems, including the large value problem for Dirichlet polynomials, the restriction problem, and problems from computer science. We describe known techniques and open problems, drawing on perspectives from all three…
This is a survey paper on applications of mathematics of semirings to numerical analysis and computing. Concepts of universal algorithm and generic program are discussed. Relations between these concepts and mathematics of semirings are…
Extremes of information combining inequalities play an important role in the analysis of sparse-graph codes under message-passing decoding. We introduce new tools for the derivation of such inequalities, and show by means of a concrete…
Treating divergent series properly has been an ongoing issue in mathematics. However, many of the problems in divergent series stem from the fact that divergent series were discovered prior to having a number system which could handle them.…
The aim of this paper is to study symmetries of linearly singular differential equations, namely, equations that can not be written in normal form because the derivatives are multiplied by a singular linear operator. The concept of…
A More Sums Than Differences (MSTD) set is a finite set of integers $A$ where the cardinality of its sumset, $A+A$, is greater than the cardinality of its difference set, $A-A$. We address a problem posed by Samuel Allen Alexander that asks…
Machine learning algorithms are extensively used to make increasingly more consequential decisions about people, so achieving optimal predictive performance can no longer be the only focus. A particularly important consideration is fairness…
Transfinite set theory including the axiom of choice supplies the following basic theorems: (1) Mappings between infinite sets can always be completed, such that at least one of the sets is exhausted. (2) The real numbers can be well…
The intersection problem for additive (extended and non-extended) perfect codes, i.e. which are the possibilities for the number of codewords in the intersection of two additive codes C1 and C2 of the same length, is investigated. Lower and…
The issue of asymmetric uncertainties resulting from fits, nonlinear propagation and systematic effects is reviewed. It is shown that, in all cases, whenever a published result is given with asymmetric uncertainties, the value of the…
We study lower bounds for the norm of the product of polynomials and their applications to the so called \emph{plank problem.} We are particularly interested in polynomials on finite dimensional Banach spaces, in which case our results…
I survey recent progress on a classic and challenging problem in social choice: the fair division of indivisible items. I discuss how a computational perspective has provided interesting insights into and understanding of how to divide…
We introduce a notion of complexity of diagrams (and in particular of objects and morphisms) in an arbitrary category, as well as a notion of complexity of functors between categories equipped with complexity functions. We discuss several…
We present some open problems and describe briefly some possible research directions in the emerging theory of Hardy spaces of Dirichlet series and their intimate counterparts, Hardy spaces on the infinite-dimensional torus. Links to number…
Several examples are used to illustrate how we deal cavalierly with infinities and unphysical systems in physics. Upon examining these examples in the context of infinities from Cantor's theory of transfinite numbers, the only known…
We give an overview on recent results concerning additive unit representations. Furthermore the solutions of some open questions are included. The central problem is whether and how certain rings are (additively) generated by their units.…
We consider problems involving rich homotheties in a set S of n points in the plane (that is, homotheties that map many points of S to other points of S). By reducing these problems to incidence problems involving points and lines in R^3,…