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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has made impressive progress in recent years and represents a key technology that has a crucial impact on the economy and society. However, it is clear that AI and business models based on it can only reach…

AI agents are increasingly deployed in production, yet their security evaluations remain bottlenecked by manual red-teaming or static benchmarks that fail to model adaptive, multi-turn adversaries. We propose NAAMSE, an evolutionary…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Kunal Pai , Parth Shah , Harshil Patel

Personalized AI agents are becoming central to modern information retrieval, yet most evaluation methodologies remain static, relying on fixed benchmarks and one-off metrics that fail to reflect how users' needs evolve over time. These…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Kirandeep Kaur , Preetam Prabhu Srikar Dammu , Hideo Joho , Chirag Shah

While machine learning is vulnerable to adversarial examples, it still lacks systematic procedures and tools for evaluating its security in different application contexts. In this article, we discuss how to develop automated and scalable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Luca Demetrio , Battista Biggio , Fabio Roli

With the rapid technological advancement, security has become a major issue due to the increase in malware activity that poses a serious threat to the security and safety of both computer systems and stakeholders. To maintain stakeholders,…

Autonomous multi-agent AI systems are poised to transform various industries, particularly software development and knowledge work. Understanding current perceptions among professionals is crucial for anticipating adoption challenges,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Nikola Balic

The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems exhibiting complex and seemingly agentive behaviours necessitates a critical philosophical examination of their agency, autonomy, and moral status. In this paper we undertake a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Paul Formosa , Inês Hipólito , Thomas Montefiore

Contemporary machine learning paradigm excels in statistical data analysis, solving problems that classical AI couldn't. However, it faces key limitations, such as a lack of integration with planning, incomprehensible internal structure,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Zeki Doruk Erden , Boi Faltings

An important challenge for safety in machine learning and artificial intelligence systems is a~set of related failures involving specification gaming, reward hacking, fragility to distributional shifts, and Goodhart's or Campbell's law.…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-04-16 David Manheim

Single-agent reinforcement learning algorithms in a multi-agent environment are inadequate for fostering cooperation. If intelligent agents are to interact and work together to solve complex problems, methods that counter non-cooperative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Ted Fujimoto , Arthur Paul Pedersen

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have evolved from passive predictive tools into active entities capable of autonomous decision-making and environmental interaction, driven by the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiaolei Zhang , Lu Zhou , Xiaogang Xu , Jiafei Wu , Tianyu Du , Heqing Huang , Hao Peng , Zhe Liu

Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies could be broadly categorised into Analytics and Autonomy. Analytics focuses on algorithms offering perception, comprehension, and projection of knowledge gleaned from sensorial data. Autonomy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-12-24 Hussein Abbass , John Harvey , Kate Yaxley

The increased adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents an opportunity to solve many socio-economic and environmental challenges; however, this cannot happen without securing AI-enabled technologies. In recent years, most AI models…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-10 Ayodeji Oseni , Nour Moustafa , Helge Janicke , Peng Liu , Zahir Tari , Athanasios Vasilakos

As artificial intelligence (AI) assistants become more widely adopted in safety-critical domains, it becomes important to develop safeguards against potential failures or adversarial attacks. A key prerequisite to developing these…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Abed Kareem Musaffar , Anand Gokhale , Sirui Zeng , Rasta Tadayon , Xifeng Yan , Ambuj Singh , Francesco Bullo

Social Explainable AI (SAI) is a new direction in artificial intelligence that emphasises decentralisation, transparency, social context, and focus on the human users. SAI research is still at an early stage. Consequently, it concentrates…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Damian Kurpiewski , Wojciech Jamroga , Teofil Sidoruk

A multi-agent AI system (MAS) is composed of multiple autonomous agents that interact, exchange information, and make decisions based on internal generative models. Recent advances in large language models and tool-using agents have made…

Edge AI is often framed as model compression and deployment under tight constraints. We argue a stronger operational thesis: Edge AI in realistic deployments is necessarily adaptive. In long-horizon operation, a fixed (non-adaptive)…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Fabrizio Pittorino , Manuel Roveri

This position paper argues for two claims regarding AI testing and evaluation. First, to remain informative about deployment behaviour, evaluations need account for the possibility that AI systems understand their circumstances and reason…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Vojtech Kovarik , Eric Olav Chen , Sami Petersen , Alexis Ghersengorin , Vincent Conitzer

Nowadays, numerous applications incorporate machine learning (ML) algorithms due to their prominent achievements. However, many studies in the field of computer vision have shown that ML can be fooled by intentionally crafted instances,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Islam Debicha , Benjamin Cochez , Tayeb Kenaza , Thibault Debatty , Jean-Michel Dricot , Wim Mees

As the complexity of AI systems and their interactions with the world increases, generating explanations for their behaviour is important for safely deploying AI. For agents, the most natural abstractions for predicting behaviour attribute…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Alexis Bellot , Jonathan Richens , Tom Everitt