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Web crawling is the problem of keeping a cache of webpages fresh, i.e., having the most recent copy available when a page is requested. This problem is usually coupled with the natural restriction that the bandwidth available to the web…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Utkarsh Upadhyay , Robert Busa-Fekete , Wojciech Kotlowski , David Pal , Balazs Szorenyi

Common Crawl is a multi-petabyte longitudinal dataset containing over 100 billion web pages which is widely used as a source of language data for sequence model training and in web science research. Each of its constituent archives is on…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Henry S. Thompson

The vastness of the web imposes a prohibitive cost on building large-scale search engines with limited resources. Crawl frontiers thus need to be optimized to improve the coverage and freshness of crawled content. In this paper, we propose…

Getting informed of what is registered in the Web space on time, can greatly help the psychologists, marketers and political analysts to familiarize, analyse, make decision and act correctly based on the society`s different needs. The great…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2012-02-10 Mehdi Naghavi , Mohsen Sharifi

Web archive analytics is the exploitation of publicly accessible web pages and their evolution for research purposes -- to the extent organizationally possible for researchers. In order to better understand the complexity of this task, the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-07-05 Michael Völske , Janek Bevendorff , Johannes Kiesel , Benno Stein , Maik Fröbe , Matthias Hagen , Martin Potthast

For providing quick and accurate results, a search engine maintains a local snapshot of the entire web. And, to keep this local cache fresh, it employs a crawler for tracking changes across various web pages. However, finite bandwidth…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-04-07 Konstantin Avrachenkov , Kishor Patil , Gugan Thoppe

Event collections are frequently built by crawling the live web on the basis of seed URIs nominated by human experts. Focused web crawling is a technique where the crawler is guided by reference content pertaining to the event. Given the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-04-06 Martin Klein , Lyudmila Balakireva , Herbert Van de Sompel

The historical, cultural, and intellectual importance of archiving the web has been widely recognized. Today, all countries with high Internet penetration rate have established high-profile archiving initiatives to crawl and archive the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2013-08-13 Zhiwu Xie , Herbert Van de Sompel , Jinyang Liu , Johann van Reenen , Ramiro Jordan

A focused crawler traverses the web selecting out relevant pages to a predefined topic and neglecting those out of concern. While surfing the internet it is difficult to deal with irrelevant pages and to predict which links lead to quality…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2009-06-30 Anshika Pal , Deepak Singh Tomar , S. C. Shrivastava

The understanding of the immense and intricate topological structure of the World Wide Web (WWW) is a major scientific and technological challenge. This has been tackled recently by characterizing the properties of its representative graphs…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2008-01-23 M. Angeles Serrano , Ana Maguitman , Marian Boguna , Santo Fortunato , Alessandro Vespignani

With much of our lives taking place online, researchers are increasingly turning to information from the World Wide Web to gain insights into geographic patterns and processes. Web scraping as an online data acquisition technique allows us…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Alexander Brenning , Sebastian Henn

Recently, reproducibility has become a cornerstone in the security and privacy research community, including artifact evaluations and even a new symposium topic. However, Web measurements lack tools that can be reused across many…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Florian Hantke , Peter Snyder , Hamed Haddadi , Ben Stock

Browser fingerprinting is a pervasive online tracking technique used increasingly often for profiling and targeted advertising. Prior research on the prevalence of fingerprinting heavily relied on automated web crawls, which inherently…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Meenatchi Sundaram Muthu Selva Annamalai , Igor Bilogrevic , Emiliano De Cristofaro

Web crawl is a main source of large language models' (LLMs) pretraining data, but the majority of crawled web pages are discarded in pretraining due to low data quality. This paper presents Craw4LLM, an efficient web crawling method that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shi Yu , Zhiyuan Liu , Chenyan Xiong

We document strategies and lessons learned from sampling the web by collecting 27.3 million URLs with 3.8 billion archived pages spanning 26 years (1996-2021) from the Internet Archive's (IA) Wayback Machine. Our goal is to revisit…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Kritika Garg , Sawood Alam , Dietrich Ayala , Mark Graham , Michele C. Weigle , Michael L. Nelson

We report here on the results of two studies using two and four monthly web crawls respectively from the Common Crawl (CC) initiative between 2014 and 2017, whose initial goal was to provide empirical evidence for the changing patterns of…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2018-02-06 Henry S. Thompson , Jian Tong

Online social networks (OSN) contain extensive amount of information about the underlying society that is yet to be explored. One of the most feasible technique to fetch information from OSN, crawling through Application Programming…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2015-12-21 Konstantin Avrachenkov , Bruno Ribeiro , Jithin K. Sreedharan

The clear, social, and dark web have lately been identified as rich sources of valuable cyber-security information that -given the appropriate tools and methods-may be identified, crawled and subsequently leveraged to actionable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Paris Koloveas , Thanasis Chantzios , Christos Tryfonopoulos , Spiros Skiadopoulos

Web crawlers visit internet applications, collect data, and learn about new web pages from visited pages. Web crawlers have a long and interesting history. Early web crawlers collected statistics about the web. In addition to collecting…

Understanding human activities and movements on the Web is not only important for computational social scientists but can also offer valuable guidance for the design of online systems for recommendations, caching, advertising, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Juhi Kulshrestha , Marcos Oliveira , Orkut Karacalik , Denis Bonnay , Claudia Wagner
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