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While self-supervised representation learning (SSL) has received widespread attention from the community, recent research argue that its performance will suffer a cliff fall when the model size decreases. The current method mainly relies on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Yuting Gao , Jia-Xin Zhuang , Shaohui Lin , Hao Cheng , Xing Sun , Ke Li , Chunhua Shen

Supervised contrastive learning (SupCon) has proven to be a powerful alternative to the standard cross-entropy loss for classification of multi-class balanced datasets. However, it struggles to learn well-conditioned representations of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-24 David Mildenberger , Paul Hager , Daniel Rueckert , Martin J Menten

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has shifted from pixel-level reconstruction to latent space prediction, spearheaded by the Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture (JEPA). While effective, standard JEPA models typically rely on a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yongchao Huang

Contrastive learning applied to self-supervised representation learning has seen a resurgence in recent years, leading to state of the art performance in the unsupervised training of deep image models. Modern batch contrastive approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-12 Prannay Khosla , Piotr Teterwak , Chen Wang , Aaron Sarna , Yonglong Tian , Phillip Isola , Aaron Maschinot , Ce Liu , Dilip Krishnan

As an exemplary self-supervised approach for representation learning, time-series contrastive learning has exhibited remarkable advancements in contemporary research. While recent contrastive learning strategies have focused on how to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Xiyuan Jin , Jing Wang , Lei Liu , Youfang Lin

At the core of self-supervised learning for vision is the idea of learning invariant or equivariant representations with respect to a set of data transformations. This approach, however, introduces strong inductive biases, which can render…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Sharut Gupta , Chenyu Wang , Yifei Wang , Tommi Jaakkola , Stefanie Jegelka

In self-supervised representation learning, Siamese networks are a natural architecture for learning transformation-invariance by bringing representations of positive pairs closer together. But it is prone to collapse into a degenerate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Byeongchan Lee , Sehyun Lee

Contrastive learning methods in self-supervised settings have primarily focused on pre-training encoders, while decoders are typically introduced and trained separately for downstream dense prediction tasks. However, this conventional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Sébastien Quetin , Tapotosh Ghosh , Farhad Maleki

Contrastive representation learning has proven to be an effective self-supervised learning method. Most successful approaches are based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) and use different views of an instance as positives that should be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-04 Julien Denize , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Astrid Orcesi , Romain Hérault , Stéphane Canu

Dense retrievers encode queries and documents and map them in an embedding space using pre-trained language models. These embeddings need to be high-dimensional to fit training signals and guarantee the retrieval effectiveness of dense…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Zhenghao Liu , Han Zhang , Chenyan Xiong , Zhiyuan Liu , Yu Gu , Xiaohua Li

Whitening loss offers a theoretical guarantee against feature collapse in self-supervised learning (SSL) with joint embedding architectures. Typically, it involves a hard whitening approach, transforming the embedding and applying loss to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Xi Weng , Yunhao Ni , Tengwei Song , Jie Luo , Rao Muhammad Anwer , Salman Khan , Fahad Shahbaz Khan , Lei Huang

In self-supervised learning (SSL), representations are learned via an auxiliary task without annotated labels. A common task is to classify augmentations or different modalities of the data, which share semantic content (e.g. an object in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Alice Bizeul , Bernhard Schölkopf , Carl Allen

The core problem in multi-view anomaly detection is to represent local neighborhoods of normal instances consistently across all views. Recent approaches consider a representation of local neighborhood in each view independently, and then…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yang Xu , Hang Zhang , Yixiao Ma , Ye Zhu , Kai Ming Ting

Recent self-supervised models have demonstrated equal or better performance than supervised methods, opening for AI systems to learn visual representations from practically unlimited data. However, these methods are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Robin Karlsson , Tomoki Hayashi , Keisuke Fujii , Alexander Carballo , Kento Ohtani , Kazuya Takeda

Contrastive learning has been extensively studied in sentence embedding learning, which assumes that the embeddings of different views of the same sentence are closer. The constraint brought by this assumption is weak, and a good sentence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Xing Wu , Chaochen Gao , Zijia Lin , Jizhong Han , Zhongyuan Wang , Songlin Hu

Contrastive learning has emerged as a powerful method in deep learning, excelling at learning effective representations through contrasting samples from different distributions. However, neural collapse, where embeddings converge into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Huanran Li , Manh Nguyen , Daniel Pimentel-Alarcón

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for medical image representation learning, particularly in settings with limited labeled data. However, existing SSL methods often rely on complex architectures,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Azad Singh , Deepak Mishra

In this work, we observe a counterintuitive phenomenon in self-supervised learning (SSL): longer training may impair the performance of dense prediction tasks (e.g., semantic segmentation). We refer to this phenomenon as Self-supervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Siran Dai , Qianqian Xu , Peisong Wen , Yang Liu , Qingming Huang

Non-contrastive SSL methods like BYOL and SimSiam rely on asymmetric predictor networks to avoid representational collapse without negative samples. Yet, how predictor networks facilitate stable learning is not fully understood. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Manu Srinath Halvagal , Axel Laborieux , Friedemann Zenke

Unsupervised and self-supervised representation learning has become popular in recent years for learning useful features from unlabelled data. Representation learning has been mostly developed in the neural network literature, and other…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Pascal Esser , Maximilian Fleissner , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar