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Existing approaches in reinforcement learning train an agent to learn desired optimal behavior in an environment with rule based surrounding agents. In safety critical applications such as autonomous driving it is crucial that the rule…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Arjun Srinivasan , Anubhav Paras , Aniket Bera

In modern transportation networks, adversaries can manipulate routing algorithms using false data injection attacks, such as simulating heavy traffic with multiple devices running crowdsourced navigation applications, to mislead vehicles…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Taha Eghtesad , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Aron Laszka

Autonomous vehicle (AV) evaluation has been the subject of increased interest in recent years both in industry and in academia. This paper focuses on the development of a novel framework for generating adversarial driving behavior of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Zhen Liu , Hang Gao , Hao Ma , Shuo Cai , Yunfeng Hu , Ting Qu , Hong Chen , Xun Gong

Recent studies have shown that deep reinforcement learning (DRL) policies are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which raise concerns about applications of DRL to safety-critical systems. In this work, we adopt a principled way and study…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Chao Wang

This paper focuses on safety performance testing and characterization of black-box highly automated vehicles (HAV). Existing testing approaches typically obtain the testing outcomes by deploying the HAV into a specific testing environment.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Minghao Zhu , Anmol Sidhu , Keith A. Redmill

Despite strong performance in numerous applications, the fragility of deep learning to input perturbations has raised serious questions about its use in safety-critical domains. While adversarial training can mitigate this issue in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-01 Alexander Robey , Luiz F. O. Chamon , George J. Pappas , Hamed Hassani , Alejandro Ribeiro

We propose an adversarial deep reinforcement learning (ADRL) algorithm for high-dimensional stochastic control problems. Inspired by the information relaxation duality, ADRL reformulates the control problem as a min-max optimization between…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Nan Chen , Mengzhou Liu , Xiaoyan Wang , Nanyi Zhang

We introduce a new class of optimal-transport-regularized divergences, $D^c$, constructed via an infimal convolution between an information divergence, $D$, and an optimal-transport (OT) cost, $C$, and study their use in distributionally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Jeremiah Birrell , Reza Ebrahimi

Reward modeling has emerged as a promising approach for the scalable alignment of language models. However, contemporary reward models (RMs) often lack robustness, awarding high rewards to low-quality, out-of-distribution (OOD) samples.…

Decision-making for autonomous driving is challenging, considering the complex interactions among multiple traffic agents (e.g., autonomous vehicles (AVs), human drivers, and pedestrians) and the computational load needed to evaluate these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-13 Mushuang Liu , Ilya Kolmanovsky , H. Eric Tseng , Suzhou Huang , Dimitar Filev , Anouck Girard

This paper considers the problem of designing optimal algorithms for reinforcement learning in two-player zero-sum games. We focus on self-play algorithms which learn the optimal policy by playing against itself without any direct…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Yu Bai , Chi Jin , Tiancheng Yu

The rise of computer vision applications in the real world puts the security of the deep neural networks at risk. Recent works demonstrate that convolutional neural networks are susceptible to adversarial examples - where the input images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Sina Hajer Ahmadi , Hassan Bahrami

Acquiring driving policies that can transfer to unseen environments is challenging when driving in dense traffic flows. The design of traffic flow is essential and previous studies are unable to balance interaction and safety-criticism. To…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Dongkun Zhang , Jintao Xue , Yuxiang Cui , Yunkai Wang , Eryun Liu , Wei Jing , Junbo Chen , Rong Xiong , Yue Wang

Evaluating and ensuring the adversarial robustness of autonomous driving (AD) systems is a critical and unresolved challenge. This paper introduces MetAdv, a novel adversarial testing platform that enables realistic, dynamic, and…

Safety-critical corner cases, difficult to collect in the real world, are crucial for evaluating end-to-end autonomous driving. Adversarial interaction is an effective method to generate such safety-critical corner cases. While existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Jiaheng Geng , Jiatong Du , Xinyu Zhang , Ye Li , Panqu Wang , Yanjun Huang

Robots deployed in real-world environments should operate safely in a robust manner. In scenarios where an "ego" agent navigates in an environment with multiple other "non-ego" agents, two modes of safety are commonly proposed --…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Chih-Yuan Chiu , David Fridovich-Keil , Claire J. Tomlin

Recent transportation research highlights the potential of autonomous vehicles (AV) to improve traffic flow mobility as they are able to maintain smaller car-following distances. However, as a unique class of ground robots, AVs are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Hangyu Li , Xiaotong Sun , Chenglin Zhuang , Xiaopeng Li

Balancing performance and safety is crucial to deploying autonomous vehicles in multi-agent environments. In particular, autonomous racing is a domain that penalizes safe but conservative policies, highlighting the need for robust, adaptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-25 Aman Sinha , Matthew O'Kelly , Hongrui Zheng , Rahul Mangharam , John Duchi , Russ Tedrake

In this paper, we consider the problem of optimization and learning for constrained and multi-objective Markov decision processes, for both discounted rewards and expected average rewards. We formulate the problems as zero-sum games where…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-03-05 Ather Gattami , Qinbo Bai , Vaneet Agarwal

An outstanding challenge for the widespread deployment of robotic systems like autonomous vehicles is ensuring safe interaction with humans without sacrificing performance. Existing safety methods often neglect the robot's ability to learn…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Haimin Hu , Zixu Zhang , Kensuke Nakamura , Andrea Bajcsy , Jaime F. Fisac