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The rise of large language models (LLMs) has highlighted the importance of prompt engineering as a crucial technique for optimizing model outputs. While experimentation with various prompting methods, such as Few-shot, Chain-of-Thought, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Michael Hewing , Vincent Leinhos

Large Language Models (LLMs) have upended decades of pedagogy in computing education. Students previously learned to code through \textit{writing} many small problems with less emphasis on code reading and comprehension. Recent research has…

Prompt engineering is a challenging and important task due to the high sensitivity of Large Language Models (LLMs) to the given prompt and the inherent ambiguity of a textual task instruction. Automatic prompt engineering is essential to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Elad Levi , Eli Brosh , Matan Friedmann

As a way of addressing increasingly sophisticated problems, software professionals face the constant challenge of seeking improvement. However, for these individuals to enhance their skills, their process of studying and training must…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Gustavo Pinto , Isadora Cardoso-Pereira , Danilo Monteiro Ribeiro , Danilo Lucena , Alberto de Souza , Kiev Gama

This study explores automatic generation (AIG) using language models to create multiple choice questions (MCQs) for morphological assessment, aiming to reduce the cost and inconsistency of manual test development. The study used a two-fold…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Mohammad Amini , Babak Ahmadi , Xiaomeng Xiong , Yilin Zhang , Christopher Qiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have demonstrated remarkable performance across various tasks and have garnered significant attention from both researchers and practitioners. However, in an educational context, we still observe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Semere Kiros Bitew , Johannes Deleu , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

In this paper, we investigate the use of data obtained from prompting a large generative language model, ChatGPT, to generate synthetic training data with the aim of augmenting data in low resource scenarios. We show that with appropriate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Solomon Ubani , Suleyman Olcay Polat , Rodney Nielsen

We analyzed effectiveness of three generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) models in answering multiple-choice question (MCQ) assessments, often involving short snippets of code, from introductory and intermediate programming courses at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Jaromir Savelka , Arav Agarwal , Christopher Bogart , Majd Sakr

Background: Recently, ChatGPT and similar generative AI models have attracted hundreds of millions of users and become part of the public discourse. Many believe that such models will disrupt society and will result in a significant change…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-28 Steffen Herbold , Annette Hautli-Janisz , Ute Heuer , Zlata Kikteva , Alexander Trautsch

As the pre-trained language models (PLMs) continue to grow, so do the hardware and data requirements for fine-tuning PLMs. Therefore, the researchers have come up with a lighter method called \textit{Prompt Learning}. However, during the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yundi Shi , Piji Li , Changchun Yin , Zhaoyang Han , Lu Zhou , Zhe Liu

This innovative practice WIP paper describes a research study that explores the integration of ChatGPT into the software testing curriculum and evaluates its effectiveness compared to human-generated testing artifacts. In a Capstone Project…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Susmita Haldar , Mary Pierce , Luiz Fernando Capretz

We are witnessing a novel era of creativity where anyone can create digital content via prompt-based learning (known as prompt engineering). This paper investigates prompt engineering as a novel creative skill for creating AI art with…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Jonas Oppenlaender , Rhema Linder , Johanna Silvennoinen

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) harbor inherent social biases that can result in harmful real-world implications. Such social biases are measured through the probability values that PLMs output for different social groups and attributes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Rafal Kocielnik , Shrimai Prabhumoye , Vivian Zhang , Roy Jiang , R. Michael Alvarez , Anima Anandkumar

ChatGPT, as a language model based on large-scale pre-training, has exerted a profound influence on the domain of machine translation. In ChatGPT, a "Prompt" refers to a segment of text or instruction employed to steer the model towards…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Hui Jiao , Bei Peng , Lu Zong , Xiaojun Zhang , Xinwei Li

The rapid development of large language models is transforming software development. Beyond serving as code auto-completion tools in integrated development environments, large language models increasingly function as foundation models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Junjie Shi , Weisong Sun , Zhenpeng Chen , Zhujun Wu , Xiaohong Chen , Zhi Jin , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced software engineering (SE) tasks, with prompt engineering techniques enhancing their performance in code-related areas. However, the rapid development of foundational LLMs such as the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Guoqing Wang , Zeyu Sun , Zhihao Gong , Sixiang Ye , Yizhou Chen , Yifan Zhao , Qingyuan Liang , Dan Hao

Prompt engineering is crucial for harnessing the potential of large language models (LLMs), especially in the medical domain where specialized terminology and phrasing is used. However, the efficacy of prompt engineering in the medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Jamil Zaghir , Marco Naguib , Mina Bjelogrlic , Aurélie Névéol , Xavier Tannier , Christian Lovis

In this paper, we present a novel approach to simulating H.P. Lovecraft's horror literature using the ChatGPT large language model, specifically the GPT-4 architecture. Our study aims to generate text that emulates Lovecraft's unique…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán , José Luis Arroyo-Barrigüete , Roberto Gozalo-Brizuela

Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT (Conditional Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is an artificial intelligence technology that is fine-tuned using supervised machine learning and reinforcement learning techniques, allowing a computer to…

Recent studies have adopted pre-trained language models, such as CodeT5 and CodeGPT, for automated program generation tasks like code generation, repair, and translation. Numerous language model-based approaches have been proposed and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Yue Liu , Chakkrit Tantithamthavorn , Yonghui Liu , Li Li