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Using large language models (LLMs) for source code has recently gained attention. LLMs, such as Transformer-based models like Codex and ChatGPT, have been shown to be highly capable of solving a wide range of programming problems. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Atsushi Shirafuji , Yutaka Watanobe , Takumi Ito , Makoto Morishita , Yuki Nakamura , Yusuke Oda , Jun Suzuki

Agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in the software industry, contributing code as collaborators or even autonomous developers. As their presence grows, it becomes important to assess the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Qixing Zhou , Jiacheng Zhang , Haiyang Wang , Rui Hao , Jiahe Wang , Minghao Han , Yuxue Yang , Shuzhe Wu , Feiyang Pan , Lue Fan , Dandan Tu , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in representation learning for program synthesis and understanding tasks. The quality of the learned representations appears to be dictated by the neural scaling laws as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Erik Nijkamp , Hiroaki Hayashi , Caiming Xiong , Silvio Savarese , Yingbo Zhou

Probing techniques for large language models (LLMs) have primarily focused on English, overlooking the vast majority of the world's languages. In this paper, we extend these probing methods to a multilingual context, investigating the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Daoyang Li , Haiyan Zhao , Qingcheng Zeng , Mengnan Du

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising performance in code generation. However, how to reliably evaluate code generated by LLMs remains an unresolved problem. This paper presents CodeJudge, a code evaluation framework that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Weixi Tong , Tianyi Zhang

To evaluate the repository-level code generation capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in complex real-world software development scenarios, many evaluation methods have been developed. These methods typically leverage contextual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Dewu Zheng , Yanlin Wang , Ensheng Shi , Ruikai Zhang , Yuchi Ma , Hongyu Zhang , Zibin Zheng

The automatic generation of Verilog code using Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered significant interest in hardware design automation. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs in Verilog generation fall short in replicating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Pengwei Jin , Di Huang , Chongxiao Li , Shuyao Cheng , Yang Zhao , Xinyao Zheng , Jiaguo Zhu , Shuyi Xing , Bohan Dou , Rui Zhang , Zidong Du , Qi Guo , Xing Hu

Large language models (LLMs) play a crucial role in software engineering, excelling in tasks like code generation and maintenance. However, existing benchmarks are often narrow in scope, focusing on a specific task and lack a comprehensive…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant utility in real-world applications, exhibiting impressive capabilities in natural language processing and understanding. Benchmark evaluations are crucial for assessing the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenbo Zhang , Hengrui Cai , Wenyu Chen

Although many benchmarks evaluate the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) within domains such as mathematics, coding, or data wrangling, few abstract away from domain specifics to examine reasoning as a capability in and of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Atharva Naik , Prakam , Yash Mathur , Darsh Agrawal , Manav Kapadnis , Yuwei An , Clayton Marr , Carolyn Rose , David Mortensen

LLM-based coding agents have shown strong performance on automated issue resolution benchmarks, yet existing evaluations largely focus on final task success, providing limited insight into how agents retrieve and use code context during…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Han Li , Letian Zhu , Bohan Zhang , Rili Feng , Jiaming Wang , Yue Pan , Earl T. Barr , Federica Sarro , Zhaoyang Chu , He Ye

Many structured prediction and reasoning tasks can be framed as program synthesis problems, where the goal is to generate a program in a domain-specific language (DSL) that transforms input data into the desired output. Unfortunately,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Shraddha Barke , Emmanuel Anaya Gonzalez , Saketh Ram Kasibatla , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick , Nadia Polikarpova

Agents equipped with search tools have emerged as effective solutions for knowledge-intensive tasks. While Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong reasoning capabilities, their high computational cost limits practical deployment for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Yizhou Liu , Qi Sun , Yulin Chen , Siyue Zhang , Chen Zhao

Modern Large Language Model (LLM) agents promise end to end assistance with real-world software tasks, yet existing benchmarks evaluate LLM agents almost exclusively in pre-baked environments where every dependency is pre-installed. To fill…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Avi Arora , Jinu Jang , Roshanak Zilouchian Moghaddam

AI agents could accelerate scientific discovery by automating hypothesis formation, experiment design, coding, execution, and analysis, yet existing benchmarks probe narrow skills in simplified settings. To address this gap, we introduce…

Large language models (LLMs) have recently been proposed as general-purpose agents for experimental design, with claims that they can perform in-context experimental design. We evaluate this hypothesis using both open- and closed-source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Rushil Gupta , Jason Hartford , Bang Liu

LaTeX's precision and flexibility in typesetting have made it the gold standard for the preparation of scientific documentation. Large Language Models (LLMs) present a promising opportunity for researchers to produce publication-ready…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sahil Kale , Vijaykant Nadadur

While large language models (LLMs) bring not only performance but also complexity, recent work has started to turn LLMs into data generators rather than task inferencers, where another affordable task model is trained for efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jiacheng Ye , Chengzu Li , Lingpeng Kong , Tao Yu

This study investigates the challenges of translating low-resource languages by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG). Various model configurations were tested on Hakka translations, with BLEU…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Chen-Chi Chang , Chong-Fu Li , Chu-Hsuan Lee , Hung-Shin Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have training corpora containing large amounts of program code, greatly improving the model's code comprehension and generation capabilities. However, sound comprehensive research on detecting program…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-22 Yu Liu , Lang Gao , Mingxin Yang , Yu Xie , Ping Chen , Xiaojin Zhang , Wei Chen