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Hierarchically gated linear RNN (HGRN, \citealt{HGRN}) has demonstrated competitive training speed and performance in language modeling while offering efficient inference. However, the recurrent state size of HGRN remains relatively small,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zhen Qin , Songlin Yang , Weixuan Sun , Xuyang Shen , Dong Li , Weigao Sun , Yiran Zhong

State-space models (SSMs) and transformers dominate the language modeling landscape. However, they are constrained to a lower computational complexity than classical recurrent neural networks (RNNs), limiting their expressivity. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Mark Schöne , Babak Rahmani , Heiner Kremer , Fabian Falck , Hitesh Ballani , Jannes Gladrow

Recent work has demonstrated the potential of non-transformer language models, especially linear recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and hybrid models that mix recurrence and attention. Yet there is no consensus on whether the potential…

In recent studies, linear recurrent neural networks (LRNNs) have achieved Transformer-level performance in natural language and long-range modeling, while offering rapid parallel training and constant inference cost. With the resurgence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Ting-Han Fan , Ta-Chung Chi , Alexander I. Rudnicky

Recently, there has been interest in multiplicative recurrent neural networks for language modeling. Indeed, simple Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) encounter difficulties recovering from past mistakes when generating sequences due to high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-02 Diego Maupomé , Marie-Jean Meurs

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) laid the foundation for sequence modeling, but their intrinsic sequential nature restricts parallel computation, creating a fundamental barrier to scaling. This has led to the dominance of parallelizable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Federico Danieli , Pau Rodriguez , Miguel Sarabia , Xavier Suau , Luca Zappella

Linear Recurrent Neural Networks (linear RNNs) have emerged as competitive alternatives to Transformers for sequence modeling, offering efficient training and linear-time inference. However, existing architectures face a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Julien Siems , Timur Carstensen , Arber Zela , Frank Hutter , Massimiliano Pontil , Riccardo Grazzi

This paper explores the potential of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and other subquadratic architectures as competitive alternatives to transformer-based models in low-resource language modeling scenarios. We utilize HGRN2 (Qin et al.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Patrick Haller , Jonas Golde , Alan Akbik

Because of its streaming nature, recurrent neural network transducer (RNN-T) is a very promising end-to-end (E2E) model that may replace the popular hybrid model for automatic speech recognition. In this paper, we describe our recent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-31 Jinyu Li , Rui Zhao , Zhong Meng , Yanqing Liu , Wenning Wei , Sarangarajan Parthasarathy , Vadim Mazalov , Zhenghao Wang , Lei He , Sheng Zhao , Yifan Gong

We show that any matrix product state (MPS) can be exactly represented by a recurrent neural network (RNN) with a linear memory update. We generalize this RNN architecture to 2D lattices using a multilinear memory update. It supports…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-02 Dian Wu , Riccardo Rossi , Filippo Vicentini , Giuseppe Carleo

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) have obtained excellent result in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, understanding and interpreting the source of this success remains a challenge. In this paper, we propose Recurrent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-04-25 Ke Tran , Arianna Bisazza , Christof Monz

Hierarchical structures exist in both linguistics and Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. How to design RNNs to learn hierarchical representations of natural languages remains a long-standing challenge. In this paper, we define two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Zhaoxin Luo , Michael Zhu

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), which are a powerful scheme for modeling temporal and sequential data need to capture long-term dependencies on datasets and represent them in hidden layers with a powerful model to capture more information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-08 Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Ruli Manurung , Mirna Adriani , Satoshi Nakamura

Neural network-based approaches have become the driven forces for Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Conventionally, there are two mainstream neural architectures for NLP tasks: the recurrent neural network (RNN) and the convolution…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-13 Zhenyu Liu , Chaohong Lu , Haiwei Huang , Shengfei Lyu , Zhenchao Tao

Multivariate time-series modeling and forecasting is an important problem with numerous applications. Traditional approaches such as VAR (vector auto-regressive) models and more recent approaches such as RNNs (recurrent neural networks) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Hardik Goel , Igor Melnyk , Arindam Banerjee

Linear recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and state-space models (SSMs) such as Mamba have become promising alternatives to softmax-attention as sequence mixing layers in Transformer architectures. Current models, however, do not exhibit the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Sajad Movahedi , Felix Sarnthein , Nicola Muca Cirone , Antonio Orvieto

Modern Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), such as RWKV, are distinguished by their powerful short-range modeling capabilities and efficient fixed-size states, which constitute a core advantage over standard Transformers. However, there is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Liu Xiao

Recent architectural developments have enabled recurrent neural networks (RNNs) to reach and even surpass the performance of Transformers on certain sequence modeling tasks. These modern RNNs feature a prominent design pattern: linear…

Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T), like most end-to-end speech recognition model architectures, has an implicit neural network language model (NNLM) and cannot easily leverage unpaired text data during training. Previous work has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Suyoun Kim , Yuan Shangguan , Jay Mahadeokar , Antoine Bruguier , Christian Fuegen , Michael L. Seltzer , Duc Le

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are a widely used deep architecture for sequence modeling, generation, and prediction. Despite success in applications such as machine translation and voice recognition, these stateful models have several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Ankur Mali , Alexander Ororbia , Daniel Kifer , Clyde Lee Giles
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