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Assertion-based verification (ABV) is a critical method for ensuring design circuits comply with their architectural specifications, which are typically described in natural language. This process often requires human interpretation by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Wenji Fang , Mengming Li , Min Li , Zhiyuan Yan , Shang Liu , Hongce Zhang , Zhiyao Xie

Verification using SystemVerilog assertions (SVA) is one of the most popular methods for detecting circuit design vulnerabilities. However, with the globalization of integrated circuit design and the continuous upgrading of security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Rui Guo , Avinash Ayalasomayajula , Henian Li , Jingbo Zhou , Sujan Kumar Saha , Farimah Farahmandi

Deep learning models excel at detecting anomaly patterns in normal data. However, they do not provide a direct solution for anomaly classification and scalability across diverse control systems, frequently failing to distinguish genuine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Jiyong Kwon , Ujin Jeon , Sooji Lee , Guang Lin

Natural-language-to-visualization (NL2VIS) systems based on large language models (LLMs) have substantially improved the accessibility of data visualization. However, their further adoption is hindered by two coupled challenges: (i) the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Marko Hostnik , Rauf Kurbanov , Yaroslav Sokolov , Artem Trofimov

Recently, the use of large language models (LLMs) for Verilog code generation has attracted great research interest to enable hardware design automation. However, previous works have shown a gap between the ability of LLMs and the practical…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yiyao Yang , Fu Teng , Pengju Liu , Mengnan Qi , Chenyang Lv , Ji Li , Xuhong Zhang , Zhezhi He

Assertion-based verification (ABV) is critical in ensuring that register-transfer level (RTL) designs conform to their functional specifications. SystemVerilog Assertions (SVA) effectively specify design properties, but writing and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hongqin Lyu , Yunlin Du , Yonghao Wang , Zhiteng Chao , Tiancheng Wang , Huawei Li

We introduce VL2NL, a Large Language Model (LLM) framework that generates rich and diverse NL datasets using only Vega-Lite specifications as input, thereby streamlining the development of Natural Language Interfaces (NLIs) for data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Hyung-Kwon Ko , Hyeon Jeon , Gwanmo Park , Dae Hyun Kim , Nam Wook Kim , Juho Kim , Jinwook Seo

Static analysis, the process of examining code without executing it, is crucial for identifying software issues. Yet, static analysis is hampered by its complexity and the need for customization for different targets. Traditional static…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Yu Hao , Weiteng Chen , Ziqiao Zhou , Weidong Cui

The frequent need for analysts to create visualizations to derive insights from data has driven extensive research into the generation of natural Language to Visualization (NL2VIS). While recent progress in large language models (LLMs)…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Xinyu Wang , Chenwei Liang , Shunyuan Zheng , Jinyuan Liang , Guozheng Li , Yu Zhang , Chi Harold Liu

The remarkable progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) presents promising opportunities for Verilog code generation which is significantly important for automated circuit design. The lacking of meaningful functional rewards hinders the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yang Zhang , Rui Zhang , Jiaming Guo , Lei Huang , Di Huang , Yunpu Zhao , Shuyao Cheng , Pengwei Jin , Chongxiao Li , Zidong Du , Xing Hu , Qi Guo , Yunji Chen

Self-supervised learning (SSL) of speech representations has received much attention over the last few years but most work has focused on languages and domains with an abundance of unlabeled data. However, for many languages there is a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Anuroop Sriram , Michael Auli , Alexei Baevski

The significant increase in software production, driven by the acceleration of development cycles over the past two decades, has led to a steady rise in software vulnerabilities, as shown by statistics published yearly by the CVE program.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Dyna Soumhane Ouchebara , Stéphane Dupont

Detecting vulnerabilities within compiled binaries is challenging due to lost high-level code structures and other factors such as architectural dependencies, compilers, and optimization options. To address these obstacles, this research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Gary A. McCully , John D. Hastings , Shengjie Xu , Adam Fortier

Recently, the use of large language models (LLMs) for software code generation, e.g., C/C++ and Python, has proven a great success. However, LLMs still suffer from low syntactic and functional correctness when it comes to the generation of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Mingzhe Gao , Jieru Zhao , Zhe Lin , Wenchao Ding , Xiaofeng Hou , Yu Feng , Chao Li , Minyi Guo

Referring video object segmentation (RVOS) requires segmenting and tracking objects in videos conditioned on natural-language expressions, demanding fine-grained understanding of both appearance and motion. Building on Sa2VA, which couples…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Quanzhu Niu , Dengxian Gong , Shihao Chen , Tao Zhang , Yikang Zhou , Haobo Yuan , Lu Qi , Xiangtai Li , Shunping Ji

Common Vulnerability and Exposure (CVE) records are fundamental to cybersecurity, offering unique identifiers for publicly known software and system vulnerabilities. Each CVE is typically assigned a Common Vulnerability Scoring System…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Francesco Marchiori , Denis Donadel , Mauro Conti

Large language models (large LMs) are increasingly trained on massive codebases and used to generate code. However, LMs lack awareness of security and are found to frequently produce unsafe code. This work studies the security of LMs along…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Jingxuan He , Martin Vechev

High-Level Synthesis (HLS) compiles algorithmic C/C++ descriptions into hardware, with Quality of Results (QoR) -- latency and resource utilization -- critically governed by pragma configurations and code structure. Existing LLM-based HLS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Qingyun Zou , Feng Yu , Hongshi Tan , Yao Chen , Bingsheng He , WengFai Wong

The Natural Language to Visualization (NL2Vis) task aims to transform natural-language descriptions into visual representations for a grounded table, enabling users to gain insights from vast amounts of data. Recently, many deep…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Yang Wu , Yao Wan , Hongyu Zhang , Yulei Sui , Wucai Wei , Wei Zhao , Guandong Xu , Hai Jin

Vectorization via Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD) architectures is a cornerstone of high-performance computing. To fully exploit hardware potential, developers often resort to explicit vectorization using intrinsics, as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Shangzhan Li , Xinyu Yin , Xuanyu Jin , Ye He , Yuxin Zhou , Yuxuan Li , Xu Han , Wanxiang Che , Qi Shi , Ting Liu , Maosong Sun