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Cuffless blood pressure (BP) estimation based on Pulse Transit Time (PTT) has emerged as a promising solution for continuous health monitoring. However, conventional models relying on the Moens-Korteweg equation often fail during rapid…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Boyuan Gu , Yijin Yang , Shuaiqi Cheng , Xiaorong Ding

Cardiotocography (CTG) is a low-cost, non-invasive fetal health assessment technique used globally, especially in underdeveloped countries. However, it is currently mainly used to identify the fetus's current status (e.g., fetal acidosis or…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Jinshuai Gu , Zenghui Lin , Jingying Ma , Jingyu Wang , Linyan Zhang , Rui Bai , Zelin Tu , Youyou Jiang , Donglin Xie , Yuxi Zhou , Guoli Liu , Shenda Hong

Investigation on the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals is an essential way to diagnose heart disease since the ECG process is noninvasive and easy to use. This work presents a supraventricular arrhythmia prediction model consisting of a few…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-28 Pampa Howladar , Manodipan Sahoo

Wearable photoplethysmography (PPG) is embedded in billions of devices, yet its optical waveform is easily corrupted by motion, perfusion loss, and ambient light, jeopardizing downstream cardiometric analytics. Existing signal-quality…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-18 Wei Shao , Ruoyu Zhang , Zequan Liang , Ehsan Kourkchi , Setareh Rafatirad , Houman Homayoun

Ischemic heart disease is the highest cause of mortality globally each year. This not only puts a massive strain on the lives of those affected but also on the public healthcare systems. To understand the dynamics of the healthy and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Eoin Brophy , Maarten De Vos , Geraldine Boylan , Tomas Ward

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is one of the most effective sources of information mainly employed for the diagnosis and prediction of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) connected with the abnormalities in heart rhythm. Clearly, single modality…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-13 Thinh Phan , Duc Le , Patel Brijesh , Donald Adjeroh , Jingxian Wu , Morten Olgaard Jensen , Ngan Le

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a gradual loss of renal function over time, and it increases the risk of mortality, decreased quality of life, as well as serious complications. The prevalence of CKD has been increasing in the last couple of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-18 Jinghe Zhang , Kamran Kowsari , Mehdi Boukhechba , James Harrison , Jennifer Lobo , Laura Barnes

Electrocardiogram (ECG) foundation models represent a paradigm shift from task-specific pipelines to generalizable architectures pre-trained on large-scale unlabeled waveform data. This survey presents a unified and deployment-aware review…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-06 Mudassir Hasan Khan , Ahmad Nayfeh , Mudassir Masood , Ali Ahmad Al-Shaikhi , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential and effective tool for diagnosing heart diseases. However, its effectiveness can be compromised by noise or unavailability of one or more leads of the standard 12-lead recordings, resulting in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huynh Dang Nguyen , Trong-Thang Pham , Ngan Le , Van Nguyen

Objective: Electronic health records (EHR) are widely available to complement administrative data-based disease surveillance and healthcare performance evaluation. Defining conditions from EHR is labour-intensive and requires extensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Jie Pan , Seungwon Lee , Cheligeer Cheligeer , Elliot A. Martin , Kiarash Riazi , Hude Quan , Na Li

Most deep learning models of multiclass arrhythmia classification are tested on fingertip photoplethysmographic (PPG) data, which has higher signal-to-noise ratios compared to smartwatch-derived PPG, and the best reported sensitivity value…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-13 Dong Han , Jihye Moon , Luís Roberto Mercado Díaz , Darren Chen , Devan Williams , Eric Y. Ding , Khanh-Van Tran , David D. McManus , Ki H. Chon

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and sustained hypertension is an often silent risk factor, making cuffless continuous blood pressure (BP) monitoring with wearable devices important for…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-02 Yiqiao Chen , Fazheng Xu , Zijian Huang , Juchi He , Zhenghui Feng

Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a simple non-invasive measure to identify heart-related issues such as irregular heartbeats known as arrhythmias. While artificial intelligence and machine learning is being utilized in a wide range of healthcare…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Minh Cao , Tianqi Zhao , Yanxun Li , Wenhao Zhang , Peyman Benharash , Ramin Ramezani

The use of observed wearable sensor data (e.g., photoplethysmograms [PPG]) to infer health measures (e.g., glucose level or blood pressure) is a very active area of research. Such technology can have a significant impact on health…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-01 Suril Mehta , Nipun Kwatra , Mohit Jain , Daniel McDuff

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and associated with a high risk for serious conditions like stroke. The use of wearable devices embedded with automatic and timely AF assessment from electrocardiograms (ECGs)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Leonie Basso , Zhao Ren , Wolfgang Nejdl

Objective: A novel ECG classification algorithm is proposed for continuous cardiac monitoring on wearable devices with limited processing capacity. Methods: The proposed solution employs a novel architecture consisting of wavelet transform…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-01-22 Saeed Saadatnejad , Mohammadhosein Oveisi , Matin Hashemi

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major pediatric health burden, and early screening is of critical importance. Electrocardiography (ECG), as a noninvasive and accessible tool, is well suited for this purpose. This paper presents the first…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Yiqiao Chen

The increase in cardiac and pulmonary diseases presents an alarming and pervasive health challenge on a global scale responsible for unexpected and premature mortalities. In spite of how serious these conditions are, existing methods of…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-12 Hania Ghouse , Juveria Tanveen , Abdul Muqtadir Ahmed , Uma N. Dulhare

Owing to recent advances in thoracic electrical impedance tomography, a patient's hemodynamic function can be noninvasively and continuously estimated in real-time by surveilling a cardiac volume signal associated with stroke volume and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-05 Chang Min Hyun , Tae Jun Jang , Jeongchan Nam , Hyeuknam Kwon , Kiwan Jeon , Kyunghun Lee

Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) is the leading cause of death among athletes of all age levels worldwide. Current prescreening methods for cardiac risk factors are largely ineffective, and implementing the International Olympic Committee…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-18 Evan Xiang , Thomas Wang , Vivan Poddar