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Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a cryptographic technique that uses quantum mechanical principles to enable secure key exchange. Practical deployment of QKD requires robust, cost-effective systems that can operate in challenging field…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-07 Rui Guan , Jingchun Yu , Zhaoyun Li , Hongbo Xie , Yuxing Wei , Sen Li , Jing Wen , Xiaodong Liang , Yanwei Li , Kejin Wei

This study proposes a novel approach for dynamic load balancing in Software-Defined Networks (SDNs) using a Transformer-based Deep Q-Network (DQN). Traditional load balancing mechanisms, such as Round Robin (RR) and Weighted Round Robin…

The adoption of Software Defined Networking (SDN) within traditional networks has provided operators the ability to manage diverse resources and easily reconfigure networks as requirements change. Recent research has extended this concept…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Michael Baddeley , Usman Raza , Aleksandar Stanoev , George Oikonomou , Reza Nejabati , Mahesh Sooriyabandara , Dimitra Simeonidou

In distributed software-defined networks (SDN), multiple physical SDN controllers, each managing a network domain, are implemented to balance centralized control, scalability and reliability requirements. In such networking paradigm,…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Ziyao Zhang , Liang Ma , Konstantinos Poularakis , Kin K. Leung , Lingfei Wu

Quantum key distribution (QKD) has been emerged as a promising solution for guaranteeing information-theoretic security. Inspired by this, a great amount of research effort has been recently put on designing and testing QKD systems as well…

Software Defined Networking (SDN) not only enables agility through the realization of part of the network functionality in software but also facilitates offering advanced features at the network layer. Hence, SDN can support a wide range of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Mona Elsaadawy , Bettina Kemme , Mohamed Younis

Quantum key distribution (QKD) serves as a cornerstone of secure quantum communication, providing unconditional security grounded in quantum mechanics. While trusted-node networks have facilitated early QKD deployment, their vulnerability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-10 Jingyang Liu , Xingyu Zhou , Huajian Ding , Jiaxin Xu , Chunhui Zhang , Jian Li , Qin Wang

Improvement in secure transmission of information is an urgent practical need for governments, corporations and individuals. Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises security based on the laws of physics and has rapidly grown from…

We propose and experimentally implement a novel reconfigurable quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme, where the users can switch in real time between conventional QKD and the recently-introduced measurement-device-independent (MDI) QKD.…

Measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI-QKD) can eliminate detector side channels and prevent all attacks on detectors. The future of MDI-QKD is a quantum network that provides service to many users over untrusted relay…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-23 Wenyuan Wang , Feihu Xu , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Software Defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as a programmable approach for provisioning and managing network resources by defining a clear separation between the control and data forwarding planes. Nowadays SDN has gained significant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Redowan Mahmud , Adel N. Toosi , Maria Alejandra Rodriguez , Sharat Chandra Madanapalli , Vijay Sivaraman , Len Sciacca , Christos Sioutis , Rajkumar Buyya

The concept of Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the development of many complex and critical systems such as smart emergency management systems. IoT-enabled applications typically depend on a communication network for transmitting large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Seung Yeob Shin , Shiva Nejati , Mehrdad Sabetzadeh , Lionel C. Briand , Chetan Arora , Frank Zimmer

Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers unconditional information security by allowing two distant users to establish a common encryption key resilient to hacking. Resultingly, QKD networks interconnecting critical infrastructure and enabling…

Quantum cryptography has attracted much attention in recent years. In most existing quantum cryptographic protocols, players usually need the full quantum power of generating, manipulating or measuring quantum states. Semiquantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-12 Ming-Ming Wang , Lin-Ming Gong , Lian-He Shao

Software-defined networking (SDN) has been widely utilized to enforce the security of traditional networks, thereby promoting the process of transforming traditional networks into SDN networks. However, SDN-based security enforcement…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Yunfei Meng , Changbo Ke , Zhiqiu Huang , Guohua Shen , Chunming Liu , Xiaojie Feng

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers provably secure, information-theoretic key exchange, but in long-distance scenarios without quantum repeaters, Trusted Nodes (TNs) are commonly employed despite introducing critical security risks. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Sumit Chaudhary , Davide Li Calsi , JinHyeock Choi , Marc Geitz , Janis Nötzel

To improve traffic management ability, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) are gradually upgrading legacy network devices to programmable devices that support Software-Defined Networking (SDN). The coexistence of legacy and SDN devices gives…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Zehua Guo , Weikun Chen , Ya-Feng Liu , Yang Xu , Zhi-Li Zhang

The evolution of software defined networking (SDN) has played a significant role in the development of next-generation networks (NGN). SDN as a programmable network having service provisioning on the fly has induced a keen interest both in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-01-29 Sanjeev Singh , Rakesh Kumar Jha

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) enables two parties to securely share encryption keys by leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, offering protection against eavesdropping. In practical implementations, QKD systems often rely on a…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a physical-based way to conciliate keys between remote users securely. Simulation is an essential method for designing and optimizing QKD systems. We develop a universal simulation framework based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Guan-Jie Fan-Yuan , Wei Chen , Feng-Yu Lu , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Shuang Wang , Guang-Can Guo , Zheng-Fu Han
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