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Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models rely on 2D inputs, lacking integration with the broader realm of the 3D physical world. Furthermore, they perform action prediction by learning a direct mapping from perception to action,…

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models predominantly rely on end-to-end fine-tuning. While effective, this paradigm compromises the inherent generalization capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) and incurs catastrophic…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently become highly prominent in the field of robotics. Leveraging vision-language foundation models trained on large-scale internet data, the VLA model can generate robotic actions directly from…

Recent advances in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) target 3D spatial intelligence, yet the progress has been largely driven by post-training on curated benchmarks, leaving the inference-time approach relatively underexplored. In…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged as a promising paradigm for generalist robotic control. Built upon vision-language model (VLM) architectures, VLAs predict actions conditioned on visual observations and language…

Deploying autonomous robots that can learn new skills from demonstrations is an important challenge of modern robotics. Existing solutions often apply end-to-end imitation learning with Vision-Language Action (VLA) models or symbolic…

Recent progress in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models has enabled embodied agents to interpret multimodal instructions and perform complex tasks. However, existing VLAs are mostly confined to short-horizon, table-top manipulation, lacking…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for robotic manipulation. However, existing post-training methods face a dilemma between stability and exploration: Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is constrained by…

Recent advances in robot manipulation have leveraged pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) and explored integrating 3D spatial signals into these models for effective action prediction, giving rise to the promising…

World models are becoming central to robotic planning and control as they enable prediction of future state transitions. Existing approaches often emphasize video generation or natural-language prediction, which are difficult to ground in…

Vision-Language-Action models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in predicting agent movements within virtual environments and real-world scenarios based on visual observations and textual instructions. Although recent research has…

Long-horizon robotic manipulation tasks require executing multiple interdependent subtasks in strict sequence, where errors in detecting subtask completion can cascade into downstream failures. Existing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently emerged in autonomous driving, with the promise of leveraging rich world knowledge to improve the cognitive capabilities of driving systems. However, adapting such models for driving tasks…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models perform well on training-seen robotic tasks but struggle to generalize to unseen scenes and objects. A key limitation lies in their implicit visual representations, which entangle object appearance,…

Vision Language Models (VLMs) play a crucial role in robotic manipulation by enabling robots to understand and interpret the visual properties of objects and their surroundings, allowing them to perform manipulation based on this multimodal…

Amid growing efforts to leverage advances in large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) for robotics, Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently gained significant attention. By unifying vision, language, and…

Vision-Language-Action Models (VLAs) have shown remarkable progress towards embodied intelligence. While their architecture partially resembles that of Large Language Models (LLMs), VLAs exhibit higher complexity due to their multi-modal…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown remarkable achievements, driven by the rich implicit knowledge of their vision-language components. However, achieving generalist robotic agents demands precise grounding into physical…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models finetuned from vision-language models (VLMs) hold the promise of leveraging rich pretrained representations to build generalist robots across diverse tasks and environments. However, direct fine-tuning on…

Humans naturally understand 3D spatial relationships, enabling complex reasoning like predicting collisions of vehicles from different directions. Current large multimodal models (LMMs), however, lack of this capability of 3D spatial…