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The pedestrian stress level is shown to significantly influence human cognitive processes and, subsequently, decision-making, e.g., the decision to select a gap and cross a street. This paper systematically studies the stress experienced by…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Mohsen Nazemi , Bara Rababah , Daniel Ramos , Tangxu Zhao , Bilal Farooq

In the field of autonomous driving research, the use of immersive virtual reality (VR) techniques is widespread to enable a variety of studies under safe and controlled conditions. However, this methodology is only valid and consistent if…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Sergio. Martín Serrano , Rubén Izquierdo , Iván García Daza , Miguel Ángel Sotelo , D. Fernández Llorca

As vehicle automation technology continues to mature, there is a necessity for robust remote monitoring and intervention features. These are essential for intervening during vehicle malfunctions, challenging road conditions, or in areas…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Mark Colley , Jonathan Westhauser , Jonas Andersson , Alexander G. Mirnig , Enrico Rukzio

The study of human-robot interaction (HRI) has received increasing research attention for robot navigation in pedestrian crowds. In this paper, we present empirical study of pedestrian-robot interaction in an uni-directional exit corridor.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-02-19 Zhuo Chen , Chao Jiang , Yi Guo

As we move towards a future of autonomous vehicles, questions regarding their method of communication have arisen. One of the common questions concerns the placement of the signaling used to communicate with pedestrians and road users, but…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Jose Gonzalez-Belmonte , Jaerock Kwon

To ensure pedestrian friendly streets in the era of automated vehicles, reassessment of current policies, practices, design, rules and regulations of urban areas is of importance. This study investigates pedestrian crossing behaviour, as an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Arash Kalatian , Bilal Farooq

Interactions between vehicles and pedestrians have always been a major problem in traffic safety. Experienced human drivers are able to analyze the environment and choose driving strategies that will help them avoid crashes. What is not yet…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2017-03-29 Baiming Chen , Ding Zhao , Huei Peng

One of the main challenges autonomous vehicles (AVs) will face is interacting with pedestrians, especially at unmarked midblock locations where the right-of-way is unspecified. This study investigates pedestrian crossing behavior given…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Fengjiao Zou , Jennifer Ogle , Weimin Jin , Patrick Gerard , Daniel Petty , Andrew Robb

Human-machine Interface (HMI) is critical for safety during automated driving, as it serves as the only media between the automated system and human users. To enable a transparent HMI, we first need to know how to evaluate it. However, most…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Yuan-Cheng Liu , Nikol Figalova , Juergen Pichen , Philipp Hock , Martin Baumann , Klaus Bengler

Shared space reduces segregation between vehicles and pedestrians and encourages them to share roads without imposed traffic rules. The behaviour of road users (RUs) is then controlled by social norms, and interactions are more versatile…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Yiyuan Wang , Luke Hespanhol , Stewart Worrall , Martin Tomitsch

Autonomous driving improves traffic efficiency but presents safety challenges in complex port environments. This study investigates how environmental factors, traffic factors, and pedestrian characteristics influence interaction safety…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yuan Che , Mun On Wong , Xiaowei Gao , Haoyang Liang , Yun Ye

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) must share space with pedestrians, both in carriageway cases such as cars at pedestrian crossings and off-carriageway cases such as delivery vehicles navigating through crowds on pedestrianized high-streets. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Fanta Camara , Nicola Bellotto , Serhan Cosar , Dimitris Nathanael , Matthias Althoff , Jingyuan Wu , Johannes Ruenz , André Dietrich , Charles W. Fox

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) may use external interfaces, such as LED light bands, to communicate with pedestrians safely and intuitively. While previous research has demonstrated the effectiveness of these interfaces in simple traffic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Tram Thi Minh Tran , Callum Parker , Martin Tomitsch

Automotive User Interface (AutoUI) is relatively a new discipline in the context of both Transportation Engineering and Human Machine Interaction (HMI). It covers various HMI aspects both inside and outside vehicle ranging from operating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Gowdham Prabhakar , Pradipta Biswas

As the use of Augmented Reality (AR) to enhance interactions between human agents and robotic systems in a work environment continues to grow, robots must communicate their intents in informative yet straightforward ways. This improves the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Chrisantus Eze , Christopher Crick

Safe and smooth interacting with other vehicles is one of the ultimate goals of driving automation. However, recent reports of demonstrative deployments of automated vehicles (AVs) indicate that AVs are still difficult to meet the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-11 Daofei Li , Ao Liu , Hao Pan , Wentao Chen

The integration of human-centric approaches has gained more attention recently due to more automated systems being introduced into our built environments (buildings, roads, vehicles, etc.), which requires a correct understanding of how…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Xiang Guo , Austin Angulo , Arash Tavakoli , Erin Robartes , T. Donna Chen , Arsalan Heydarian

More than half of the 1.19 million annual traffic fatalities globally involve vulnerable road users, such as pedestrians, with a significant proportion attributable to human error. Level-5 automated driving systems (ADSs) have the potential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Sanaz Motamedi , Viktoria Marcus , Griffin Pitts

Vehicle-pedestrian interaction (VPI) is one of the most challenging tasks for automated driving systems. The design of driving strategies for such systems usually starts with verifying VPI in simulation. This work proposed an improved…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-05-19 Dongfang Yang , Keith Redmill , Umit Ozguner

Pedestrian safety is a critical public health priority, with pedestrian fatalities accounting for 18% of all U.S. traffic deaths in 2022. The rising prevalence of distracted walking, exacerbated by mobile device use, poses significant risks…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Methusela Sulle , Judith Mwakalonge , Gurcan Comert , Saidi Siuhi , Nana Kankam Gyimah , Jaylen Roberts , Denis Ruganuza