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Training segmentation models for medical images continues to be challenging due to the limited availability of data annotations. Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundation model that is intended to segment user-defined objects of interest…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Maciej A. Mazurowski , Haoyu Dong , Hanxue Gu , Jichen Yang , Nicholas Konz , Yixin Zhang

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has recently emerged as a groundbreaking foundation model for prompt-driven image segmentation tasks. However, both the original SAM and its medical variants require slice-by-slice manual prompting of target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yichi Zhang , Shiyao Hu , Sijie Ren , Chen Jiang , Yuan Cheng , Yuan Qi

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) can achieve satisfactory segmentation performance under high-quality box prompts. However, SAM's robustness is compromised by the decline in box quality, limiting its practicality in clinical reality. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yuhao Huang , Xin Yang , Han Zhou , Yan Cao , Haoran Dou , Fajin Dong , Dong Ni

Recently, Segmenting Anything has taken an important step towards general artificial intelligence. At the same time, its reliability and fairness have also attracted great attention, especially in the field of health care. In this study, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-12 Guoyao Deng , Ke Zou , Kai Ren , Meng Wang , Xuedong Yuan , Sancong Ying , Huazhu Fu

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) achieves remarkable promptable segmentation given high-quality prompts which, however, often require good skills to specify. To make SAM robust to casual prompts, this paper presents the first comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Qi Fan , Xin Tao , Lei Ke , Mingqiao Ye , Yuan Zhang , Pengfei Wan , Zhongyuan Wang , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

Recent advances in promptable segmentation, such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM), have enabled flexible, high-quality mask generation across a wide range of visual domains. However, SAM and similar models remain fundamentally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tyler Ward , Abdullah Imran

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) made an eye-catching debut recently and inspired many researchers to explore its potential and limitation in terms of zero-shot generalization capability. As the first promptable foundation model for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Dongjie Cheng , Ziyuan Qin , Zekun Jiang , Shaoting Zhang , Qicheng Lao , Kang Li

Although SAM-based single-source domain generalization models for medical image segmentation can mitigate the impact of domain shift on the model in cross-domain scenarios, these models still face two major challenges. First, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Huanli Zhuo , Leilei Ma , Haifeng Zhao , Shiwei Zhou , Dengdi Sun , Yanping Fu

Due to the flexibility of prompting, foundation models have become the dominant force in the domains of natural language processing and image generation. With the recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM), the prompt-driven…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-14 Yichi Zhang , Rushi Jiao

Collective intelligence from multiple medical experts consistently surpasses individual expertise in clinical diagnosis, particularly for ambiguous medical image segmentation tasks involving unclear tissue boundaries or pathological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Mingzhou Jiang , Jiaying Zhou , Junde Wu , Tianyang Wang , Yueming Jin , Min Xu

Segmentation is central to clinical diagnosis and monitoring, yet the reliability of modern foundation models in medical imaging still depends on the availability of precise prompts. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) offers powerful…

Due to the inherent flexibility of prompting, foundation models have emerged as the predominant force in the fields of natural language processing and computer vision. The recent introduction of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) signifies a…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-09 Yichi Zhang , Zhenrong Shen , Rushi Jiao

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) and CLIP are remarkable vision foundation models (VFMs). SAM, a prompt driven segmentation model, excels in segmentation tasks across diverse domains, while CLIP is renowned for its zero shot recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Sidra Aleem , Fangyijie Wang , Mayug Maniparambil , Eric Arazo , Julia Dietlmeier , Guenole Silvestre , Kathleen Curran , Noel E. O'Connor , Suzanne Little

Foundation models for segmentation such as the Segment Anything Model (SAM) family exhibit strong zero-shot performance, but remain vulnerable in shifted or limited-knowledge domains. This work investigates whether uncertainty…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jesse Brouwers , Xiaoyan Xing , Alexander Timans

While the Segment Anything Model (SAM) has achieved remarkable success in image segmentation, its direct application to medical imaging remains hindered by fundamental challenges, including ambiguous boundaries, insufficient modeling of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yu Li , Da Chang , Xi Xiao

Although the Segment Anything Model (SAM) is highly effective in natural image segmentation, it requires dependencies on prompts, which limits its applicability to medical imaging where manual prompts are often unavailable. Existing efforts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Mengmeng Zhang , Xingyuan Dai , Yicheng Sun , Jing Wang , Yueyang Yao , Xiaoyan Gong , Fuze Cong , Feiyue Wang , Yisheng Lv

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundation model for general image segmentation. Although it exhibits impressive performance predominantly on natural images, understanding its robustness against various image perturbations and domains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao , Linda Petzold

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a powerful foundation model that introduced revolutionary advancements in natural image segmentation. However, its performance remains sub-optimal when delineating the intricate structure of biomedical…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-05 Xiangru Li , Yifei Zhang , Liang Zhao

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has achieved notable progress in medical image segmentation. To achieve effective SSL, a model needs to be able to efficiently learn from limited labeled data and effectively exploiting knowledge from abundant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Juzheng Miao , Cheng Chen , Keli Zhang , Jie Chuai , Quanzheng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

The recent advancements in large foundation models have driven the success of open-set image segmentation, a task focused on segmenting objects beyond predefined categories. Among various prompt types (such as points, boxes, texts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Xiaoqi Wang , Clint Sebastian , Wenbin He , Liu Ren
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