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Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) has emerged as a vital complementary approach that operates in the early phases of the cyber threat lifecycle. CTI involves collecting, processing, and analyzing threat data to provide a more accurate and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Samaneh Shafee , Alysson Bessani , Pedro M. Ferreira

Cybersecurity has become a crucial concern in the field of connected autonomous vehicles. Cyber threat intelligence (CTI), as the collection of cyber threat information, offers an ideal way for responding to emerging cyber threats and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Yinghui Wang , Yilong Ren , Zhiyong Cui , Haiyang Yu

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in assisting cybersecurity tasks, yet existing approaches struggle with automatic vulnerability discovery and exploitation due to limited interaction, weak execution grounding, and a lack of…

The increasing autonomy of Large Language Models (LLMs) necessitates a rigorous evaluation of their potential to aid in cyber offense. Existing benchmarks often lack real-world complexity and are thus unable to accurately assess LLMs'…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zicheng Liu , Lige Huang , Jie Zhang , Dongrui Liu , Yuan Tian , Jing Shao

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply embedded in critical services and everyday products, it is increasingly exposed to security threats which traditional cyber defenses were not designed to handle. In this paper, we investigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Natalia Krawczyk , Mateusz Szczepkowski , Adrian Brodzik , Krzysztof Bocianiak

AI agents may soon become capable of autonomously completing valuable, long-horizon tasks in diverse domains. Current benchmarks either do not measure real-world tasks, or are not sufficiently difficult to meaningfully measure frontier…

By 2028 most cybersecurity actions will be autonomous, with humans teleoperating. We present the first classification of autonomy levels in cybersecurity and introduce Cybersecurity AI (CAI), an open-source framework that democratizes…

As the practicality of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) based techniques grow, there is an ever increasing threat of adversarial attacks. There is a need to red team this ecosystem to identify system vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Chuyen Nguyen , Caleb Morgan , Sudip Mittal

This paper introduces FieldWorkArena, a benchmark for agentic AI targeting real-world field work. With the recent increase in demand for agentic AI, they are built to detect and document safety hazards, procedural violations, and other…

The valuation of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) remains a persistent challenge due to the problem of negative evidence: successful threat prevention results in non-events that generate minimal observable financial impact, making CTI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Matteo Strada

Signature-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) detect malicious activities by matching network or host activity against predefined rules. These rules are derived from extensive Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI), which includes attack…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Shaswata Mitra , Azim Bazarov , Martin Duclos , Sudip Mittal , Aritran Piplai , Md Rayhanur Rahman , Edward Zieglar , Shahram Rahimi

Current agentic AI benchmarks predominantly evaluate task completion accuracy, while overlooking critical enterprise requirements such as cost-efficiency, reliability, and operational stability. Through systematic analysis of 12 main…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Sushant Mehta

The rapid adoption of AI agents across domains has made systematic evaluation crucial for ensuring their usefulness and successful production deployment. Evaluation of AI agents typically involves using a fixed set of benchmarks and…

AI agents are expected to perform professional work across hundreds of occupational domains (from emergency department triage to nuclear reactor safety monitoring to customs import processing), yet existing benchmarks can only evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Xiaomeng Hu , Yinger Zhang , Fei Huang , Jianhong Tu , Yang Su , Lianghao Deng , Yuxuan Liu , Yantao Liu , Dayiheng Liu , Tsung-Yi Ho

Cybersecurity is a relentless arms race, with AI driven offensive systems evolving faster than traditional defenses can adapt. Research and tooling remain fragmented across isolated defensive functions, creating blind spots that adversaries…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Mudita Khurana , Raunak Jain

Cybersecurity superintelligence -- artificial intelligence exceeding the best human capability in both speed and strategic reasoning -- represents the next frontier in security. This paper documents the emergence of such capability through…

Post-mortem analysis of compromised systems is a key aspect of cyber forensics, today a mostly manual, slow, and error-prone task. Agentic AI, i.e., LLM-powered agents, is a promising avenue for automation. However, applying such agents to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Stefano Fumero , Kai Huang , Matteo Boffa , Danilo Giordano , Marco Mellia , Dario Rossi

This study introduces an innovative approach to automating Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) processes in industrial environments by leveraging Microsoft's AI-powered security technologies. Historically, CTI has heavily relied on manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Shrit Shah , Fatemeh Khoda Parast

Today's cyber defenders are overwhelmed by a deluge of security alerts, threat intelligence signals, and shifting business context, creating an urgent need for AI systems to enhance operational security work. While Large Language Models…

As cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity and frequency, robust endpoint protection is essential for organizational security. This paper presents "Endpoint Security Agent: A Comprehensive Approach to Real-time System Monitoring and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Srihari R , Ayesha Taranum , Karthik , Mohammed Usman Hussain