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The interpretation of ego motion and scene change is a fundamental task for mobile robots. Optical flow information can be employed to estimate motion in the surroundings. Recently, unsupervised optical flow estimation has become a research…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Hengli Wang , Rui Fan , Ming Liu

Deep generative models often face a fundamental tradeoff: high sample quality can come at the cost of memorisation, where the model reproduces training data rather than generalising across the underlying data geometry. We introduce Carr\'e…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Jacob Bamberger , Iolo Jones , Dennis Duncan , Michael M. Bronstein , Pierre Vandergheynst , Adam Gosztolai

We present a formulation of flow matching as variational inference, which we refer to as variational flow matching (VFM). Based on this formulation we develop CatFlow, a flow matching method for categorical data. CatFlow is easy to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Floor Eijkelboom , Grigory Bartosh , Christian Andersson Naesseth , Max Welling , Jan-Willem van de Meent

In this paper, we present a novel method for co-clustering, an unsupervised learning approach that aims at discovering homogeneous groups of data instances and features by grouping them simultaneously. The proposed method uses the entropy…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-05-22 Charlotte Laclau , Ievgen Redko , Basarab Matei , Younès Bennani , Vincent Brault

The generation of 3D molecules requires simultaneously deciding the categorical features~(atom types) and continuous features~(atom coordinates). Deep generative models, especially Diffusion Models (DMs), have demonstrated effectiveness in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Yuxuan Song , Jingjing Gong , Minkai Xu , Ziyao Cao , Yanyan Lan , Stefano Ermon , Hao Zhou , Wei-Ying Ma

Dataset distillation compresses large datasets into compact synthetic sets with comparable performance in training models. Despite recent progress on diffusion-based distillation, this type of method typically depends on heuristic guidance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xuhui Li , Zhengquan Luo , Xiwei Liu , Yongqiang Yu , Zhiqiang Xu

This paper investigates the connections between rectified flows, flow matching, and optimal transport. Flow matching is a recent approach to learning generative models by estimating velocity fields that guide transformations from a source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Johannes Hertrich , Antonin Chambolle , Julie Delon

Flow Matching has limited ability in achieving one-step generation due to its reliance on learned curved trajectories. Previous studies have attempted to address this limitation by either modifying the coupling distribution to prevent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Chenrui Ma , Xi Xiao , Tianyang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yanning Shen

Generative models, particularly Diffusion Models (DM), have shown strong potential for Computed Tomography (CT) reconstruction serving as expressive priors for solving ill-posed inverse problems. However, diffusion-based reconstruction…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Jiayang Shi , Lincen Yang , Zhong Li , Tristan Van Leeuwen , Daniel M. Pelt , K. Joost Batenburg

Sampling from diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) can be viewed as a piecewise distribution transformation, which generally requires hundreds or thousands of steps of the inverse diffusion trajectory to get a high-quality image. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Zezeng Li , ShengHao Li , Zhanpeng Wang , Na Lei , Zhongxuan Luo , Xianfeng Gu

Diffusion and flow matching models generate samples by learning time-dependent vector fields whose integration transports noise to data, requiring tens to hundreds of network evaluations at inference. We instead learn the transport map…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Xiao Shou

We propose Functional Flow Matching (FFM), a function-space generative model that generalizes the recently-introduced Flow Matching model to operate in infinite-dimensional spaces. Our approach works by first defining a path of probability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Gavin Kerrigan , Giosue Migliorini , Padhraic Smyth

Flow models parameterized as time-dependent velocity fields can generate data from noise by integrating an ODE. These models are often trained using flow matching, i.e. by sampling random pairs of noise and target points…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Alireza Mousavi-Hosseini , Stephen Y. Zhang , Michal Klein , Marco Cuturi

Flow matching (FM) learns vector fields by regressing stochastic velocity targets along intermediate distributions $p_t$. We identify a geometric optimization bottleneck in this regression problem: when the covariance $\Sigma_t$ of $p_t$ is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Shadab Ahamed , Eshed Gal , Md Shahriar Rahim Siddiqui , Simon Ghyselincks , Moshe Eliasof , Eldad Haber

Unconditional flow-matching trains diffusion models to transport samples from a source distribution to a target distribution by enforcing that the flows between sample pairs are unique. However, in conditional settings (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 George Stoica , Vivek Ramanujan , Xiang Fan , Ali Farhadi , Ranjay Krishna , Judy Hoffman

Learning from expert demonstrations is a promising approach for training robotic manipulation policies from limited data. However, imitation learning algorithms require a number of design choices ranging from the input modality, training…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Eugenio Chisari , Nick Heppert , Max Argus , Tim Welschehold , Thomas Brox , Abhinav Valada

Flow Matching (FM) has recently emerged as a principled and efficient alternative to diffusion models. Standard FM encourages the learned velocity field to follow a target direction; however, it may accumulate errors along the trajectory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zong-Wei Hong , Jing-lun Li , Lin-Ze Li , Shen Zhang , Yao Tang

Simulation-free methods for training continuous-time generative models construct probability paths that go between noise distributions and individual data samples. Recent works, such as Flow Matching, derived paths that are optimal for each…

Conditional Optimal Transport (COT) problem aims to find a transport map between conditional source and target distributions while minimizing the transport cost. Recently, these transport maps have been utilized in conditional generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Jiwoo Yoon , Kyumin Choi , Jaewoong Choi

Diffusion models are a powerful framework for tackling ill-posed problems, with recent advancements extending their use to point cloud upsampling. Despite their potential, existing diffusion models struggle with inefficiencies as they map…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zhi-Song Liu , Chenhang He , Lei Li