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Millimeter wave (mmWave) sensing is an emerging technology with applications in 3D object characterization and environment mapping. However, realizing precise 3D reconstruction from sparse mmWave signals remains challenging. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Xingyu Chen , Xinyu Zhang , Qiyue Xia , Xinmin Fang , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Zhengxiong Li

Accurate radio-frequency (RF) material parameters are essential for electromagnetic digital twins in 6G systems, yet gradient-based inverse ray tracing (RT) remains sensitive to initialization and costly under limited measurements. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Zerui Kang , Yishen Lim , Zhouyou Gu , Seung-Woo Ko , Tony Q. S. Quek , Jihong Park

In the context of communication networks, digital twin technology provides a means to replicate the radio frequency (RF) propagation environment as well as the system behaviour, allowing for a way to optimize the performance of a deployed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-01 Maximilian Arnold , Bence Major , Fabio Valerio Massoli , Joseph B. Soriaga , Arash Behboodi

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar provides reliable perception in visually degraded indoor environments (e.g., smoke, dust, and low light), but learning-based radar perception is bottlenecked by the scarcity and cost of collecting and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Emily Bejerano , Federico Tondolo , Ayaan Qayyum , Xiaofan Yu , Xiaofan Jiang

3D reconstruction techniques such as LiDAR scanning and photogrammetry have made it practical to build detailed geometric models of real-world environments. Such reconstructed models can potentially serve as the foundation for wireless…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Haofan Lu , Yadi Cao , Wanghao Yi , Omid Abari

Precisely modeling radio propagation in dynamic wireless environments is fundamental to the realization of wireless digital twins. Traditional ray tracing methods rely on accurate 3D models with detailed environment parameters, while recent…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Yuru Zhang , Ming Zhao , Qiang Liu , Ahmed Alkhateeb , Abhishek K. Agrawal , Qi Qu

Millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz MIMO systems rely on pre-defined beamforming codebooks for both initial access and data transmission. However, most of the existing codebooks adopt pre-defined beams that focus mainly on improving the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Yu Zhang , Tawfik Osman , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Tracking subjects in videos is one of the most widely used functions in camera-based IoT applications such as security surveillance, smart city traffic safety enhancement, vehicle to pedestrian communication and so on. In the computer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Bryan Bo Cao , Abrar Alali , Hansi Liu , Nicholas Meegan , Marco Gruteser , Kristin Dana , Ashwin Ashok , Shubham Jain

Accurately aligning millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) narrow beams is essential to satisfy reliability and high data rates of 5G and beyond wireless communication systems. However, achieving this objective is difficult,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Tawfik Osman , Gouranga Charan , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Ray tracing (RT) simulation is a widely used approach to enable modeling wireless channels in applications such as network digital twins. However, the computational cost to execute ray tracing (RT) is proportional to factors such as the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Cláudio Modesto , Lucas Mozart , Pedro Batista , André Cavalcante , Aldebaro Klautau

Accelerating compute intensive non-real-time beam-forming algorithms in ultrasound imaging using deep learning architectures has been gaining momentum in the recent past. Nonetheless, the complexity of the state-of-the-art deep learning…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-17 Abdul Rahoof , Vivek Chaturvedi , Mahesh Raveendranatha Panicker , Muhammad Shafique

Object detection utilizing Frequency Modulated Continous Wave radar is becoming increasingly popular in the field of autonomous systems. Radar does not possess the same drawbacks seen by other emission-based sensors such as LiDAR, primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 James Giroux , Martin Bouchard , Robert Laganiere

Embodying the principle of simulation intelligence, digital twin (DT) systems construct and maintain a high-fidelity virtual model of a physical system. This paper focuses on ray tracing (RT), which is widely seen as an enabling technology…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-16 Clement Ruah , Osvaldo Simeone , Jakob Hoydis , Bashir Al-Hashimi

Digital twins (DTs), virtual simulated replicas of physical scenes, are transforming various industries. However, their potential in radio frequency (RF) sensing applications has been limited by the unidirectional nature of conventional RF…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-21 Xingyu Chen , Jianrong Ding , Kai Zheng , Xinmin Fang , Xinyu Zhang , Chris Xiaoxuan Lu , Zhengxiong Li

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is one of the cornerstone innovations of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks, thanks to the massive bandwidth available in these frequency bands. To correctly assess the performance of such…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-01-29 Mattia Lecci , Paolo Testolina , Marco Giordani , Michele Polese , Tanguy Ropitault , Camillo Gentile , Neeraj Varshney , Anuraag Bodi , Michele Zorzi

Millimeter wave (mmWave) radars have attracted significant attention from both academia and industry due to their capability to operate in extreme weather conditions. However, they face challenges in terms of sparsity and noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Ruibin Zhang , Donglai Xue , Yuhan Wang , Ruixu Geng , Fei Gao

Vision-aided wireless communication is motivated by the recent advances in deep learning and computer vision as well as the increasing dependence on line-of-sight links in millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz systems. By leveraging…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-14 Muhammad Alrabeiah , Jayden Booth , Andrew Hredzak , Ahmed Alkhateeb

In recent years, weakly supervised semantic segmentation using image-level labels as supervision has received significant attention in the field of computer vision. Most existing methods have addressed the challenges arising from the lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Rozhan Ahmadi , Shohreh Kasaei

Millimeter wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) drones have the potential to enable several futuristic applications such as coverage extension, enhanced security monitoring, and disaster management. However, these drones need to deploy large…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-15 Gouranga Charan , Andrew Hredzak , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Most change detection models based on vision transformers currently follow a "pretraining then fine-tuning" strategy. This involves initializing the model weights using large scale classification datasets, which can be either natural images…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Yang Zhao , Yuxiang Zhang , Yanni Dong , Bo Du
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