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Quantum algorithms reformulate computational problems as quantum evolutions in a large Hilbert space. Most quantum algorithms assume that the time-evolution is perfectly unitary and that the full Hilbert space is available. However, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Marcel Niedermeier , Jose L. Lado , Christian Flindt

We consider belief propagation (BP) as an efficient and scalable tool for state estimation and optimization problems in supply networks such as power grids. BP algorithms make use of factor graph representations, whose assignment to the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Tim Ritmeester , Hildegard Meyer-Ortmanns

Quantum many-body systems (QMBs) are some of the most challenging physical systems to simulate numerically. Methods involving approximations for tensor network (TN) contractions have proven to be viable alternatives to algorithms such as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-01-14 Justin A. Reyes , Eduardo R. Mucciolo , Dan Marinescu

Characterizing the ground-state properties of disordered systems, such as spin glasses and combinatorial optimization problems, is fundamental to science and engineering. However, computing exact ground states and counting their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-02-06 Yijia Wang , Xuanzhao Gao , Pan Zhang , Feng Pan , Jinguo Liu

Tensor network contractions are widely used in statistical physics, quantum computing, and computer science. We introduce a method to efficiently approximate tensor network contractions using low-rank approximations, where each intermediate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-01 Linjian Ma , Matthew Fishman , Miles Stoudenmire , Edgar Solomonik

Quantum stabilizer codes constructed from sparse matrices have good performance and can be efficiently decoded by belief propagation (BP). A conventional BP decoding algorithm treats binary stabilizer codes as additive codes over GF(4).…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-21 Kao-Yueh Kuo , Ching-Yi Lai

The so-called block-term decomposition (BTD) tensor model has been recently receiving increasing attention due to its enhanced ability of representing systems and signals that are composed of \emph{blocks} of rank higher than one, a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-21 Athanasios A. Rontogiannis , Eleftherios Kofidis , Paris V. Giampouras

Tensor networks developed in the context of condensed matter physics try to approximate order-$N$ tensors with a reduced number of degrees of freedom that is only polynomial in $N$ and arranged as a network of partially contracted smaller…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Hao Chen , Thomas Barthel

Most research in quantum computing today is performed against simulations of quantum computers rather than true quantum computers. Simulating a quantum computer entails implementing all of the unitary operators corresponding to the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-17 Maksim Levental

We present an accurate numerical algorithm, called quantum belief propagation (QBP), for simulation of one-dimensional quantum systems at non-zero temperature. The algorithm exploits the fact that quantum effects are short-range in these…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-13 M. B. Hastings

In the tensor-network framework, the expectation values of two-dimensional quantum states are evaluated by contracting a double-layer tensor network constructed from initial and final tensor-network states. The computational cost of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2017-07-24 Z. Y. Xie , H. J. Liao , R. Z. Huang , H. D. Xie , J. Chen , Z. Y. Liu , T. Xiang

Tensor-network Born machines (TNBMs) are quantum-inspired generative models for learning data distributions. Using tensor-network contraction and optimization techniques, the model learns an efficient representation of the target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Matan Ben-Dov , Jing Chen

Message-passing algorithms based on the Belief Propagation (BP) equations constitute a well-known distributed computational scheme. It is exact on tree-like graphical models and has also proven to be effective in many problems defined on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Carlo Lucibello , Fabrizio Pittorino , Gabriele Perugini , Riccardo Zecchina

Belief propagation (BP) is a message-passing heuristic for statistical inference in graphical models such as Bayesian networks and Markov random fields. BP is used to compute marginal distributions or maximum likelihood assignments and has…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-11-15 Tobias Brunsch , Kamiel Cornelissen , Bodo Manthey , Heiko Röglin

We introduce a simple yet significant improvement to the time-evolving block decimation (TEBD) tensor network algorithm for simulating the time dynamics of strongly correlated one-dimensional (1D) mixed quantum states. The efficiency of 1D…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-19 Sayak Guha Roy , Kevin Slagle

The efficient simulation of complex quantum systems remains a central challenge due to the exponential growth of Hilbert space with system size. Tensor network methods have long been established as powerful approximation schemes, and their…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Min Chen , Minzhao Liu , Changhun Oh , Liang Jiang , Yuri Alexeev , Junyu Liu

Restricted Boltzmann machines (RBM) and deep Boltzmann machines (DBM) are important models in machine learning, and recently found numerous applications in quantum many-body physics. We show that there are fundamental connections between…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-01 Sujie Li , Feng Pan , Pengfei Zhou , Pan Zhang

Belief Propagation (BP) is a popular, distributed heuristic for performing MAP computations in Graphical Models. BP can be interpreted, from a variational perspective, as minimizing the Bethe Free Energy (BFE). BP can also be used to solve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-05-20 Andrew Gelfand , Jinwoo Shin , Michael Chertkov

Tensor networks have proven to be a valuable tool, for instance, in the classical simulation of (strongly correlated) quantum systems. As the size of the systems increases, contracting larger tensor networks becomes computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Manuel Geiger , Qunsheng Huang , Christian B. Mendl

Tensor networks establish an adaptable framework for the emulation of quantum circuits. By partitioning exponentially large registers and gates into smaller tensors, this unlocks fast transformations through tensor algebra, and grants fine…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Jakub Adamski , Oliver Thomson Brown