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Compiling high-level quantum programs to machines that are size constrained (i.e. limited number of quantum bits) and time constrained (i.e. limited number of quantum operations) is challenging. In this paper, we present SQUARE (Strategic…

The scalability of photonic implementations of fault-tolerant quantum computing based on Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubits is injured by the requirements of inline squeezing and reconfigurability of the linear optical network. In this…

Quantum error correction (QEC) is considered a deciding component in enabling practical quantum computing. Stabilizer codes, and in particular topological surface codes, are promising candidates for implementing QEC by redundantly encoding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Josias Old , Stephan Tasler , Michael J. Hartmann , Markus Müller

A common assumption in analyses of error thresholds and quantum computing in general is that one applies fault-tolerant quantum error correction (FTQEC) after every gate. This, however, is known not to always be optimal if the FTQEC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Ali Abu-Nada , Ben Fortescue , Mark Byrd

A fault-tolerant approach to reliable quantum memory is essential for scalable quantum computing, as physical qubits are susceptible to noise. Quantum error correction (QEC) must be continuously performed to prolong the memory lifetime. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-30 Kao-Yueh Kuo , Ching-Yi Lai

Quantum computing experiments are transitioning from running on physical qubits to using encoded, logical qubits. Fault-tolerant computation can identify and correct errors, and has the potential to enable the dramatically reduced logical…

Current approaches to fault-tolerant quantum computation will not enable useful quantum computation on near-term devices of 50 to 100 qubits. Leading proposals, such as the color code and surface code schemes, must devote a large fraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Peter D. Johnson , Jonathan Romero , Jonathan Olson , Yudong Cao , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Tremendous efforts have been paid for realization of fault-tolerant quantum computation so far. However, preexisting fault-tolerant schemes assume that a lot of qubits live together in a single quantum system, which is incompatible with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-03-01 Keisuke Fujii , Takashi Yamamoto , Masato Koashi , Nobuyuki Imoto

Large-scale quantum computation requires to be performed in the fault-tolerant manner. One crucial challenge of fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) is reducing the overhead of implementing logical gates. Recently work proposed…

I will give an overview of what I see as some of the most important future directions in the theory of fault-tolerant quantum computation. In particular, I will give a brief summary of the major problems that need to be solved in fault…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-31 Daniel Gottesman

Many quantum operations are expected to exhibit bias in the structure of their errors. Recent works have shown that a fixed bias can be exploited to improve error tolerance by statically arranging the errors in beneficial configurations. In…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Hector Bombín , Chris Dawson , Naomi Nickerson , Mihir Pant , Jordan Sullivan

In this perspective, we discuss conditions under which it would be possible for a modest fault-tolerant quantum computer to realize a runtime advantage by executing a quantum algorithm with only a small polynomial speedup over the best…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Ryan Babbush , Jarrod McClean , Michael Newman , Craig Gidney , Sergio Boixo , Hartmut Neven

Fault-tolerant quantum computation is a technique that is necessary to build a scalable quantum computer from noisy physical building blocks. Key for the implementation of fault-tolerant computations is the ability to perform a universal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-10-14 Markus Grassl , Martin Roetteler

We report experimental digital quantum simulation of the one-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model on a superconducting quantum processor at a scale beyond the reach of exact statevector simulation and challenging for state-of-the-art…

Achieving scalable, fault-tolerant quantum computation requires quantum memory architectures that minimize error correction overhead while preserving coherence. This work presents a framework for high-dimensional qudit memory in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 William Boone Samuels

Quantum Phase Estimation (QPE) is a cornerstone algorithm for fault-tolerant quantum computation, especially for electronic structure calculations of chemical systems. To accommodate the diverse characteristics of quantum chemical systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-03 Calvin Ku , Yu-Cheng Chen , Alice Hu , Min-Hsiu Hsieh

Connecting multiple smaller qubit modules by generating high-fidelity entangled states is a promising path for scaling quantum computing hardware. The performance of such a modular quantum computer is highly dependent on the quality and…

Lookup table decoding is fast and distance-preserving, making it attractive for near-term quantum computer architectures with small-distance quantum error-correcting codes. In this work, we develop several optimization tools that can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-17 Balint Pato , Theerapat Tansuwannont , Shilin Huang , Kenneth R. Brown

Quantum computing is entering a period in which progress will be shaped as much by advances in computer science as by improvements in hardware. The central thesis of this report is that early fault-tolerant quantum computing shifts many of…

Quantum devices can process data in a fundamentally different way than classical computers. To leverage this potential, many algorithms require the aid of a quantum Random Access Memory (QRAM), i.e. a module capable of efficiently loading…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-26 Francesco Cesa , Hannes Bernien , Hannes Pichler
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