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Spatio-temporal reasoning is a remarkable capability of Vision Language Models (VLMs), but the underlying mechanisms of such abilities remain largely opaque. We postulate that visual/geometrical and textual representations of spatial…

Long-horizon robotic manipulation requires dense feedback that reflects how a task advances through its procedural stages, not merely whether the final outcome is successful. Existing reward models often rely on trajectory-level success…

The ocean is warming and acidifying, increasing the risk of mass mortality events for temperature-sensitive shellfish such as oysters. This motivates the development of long-term monitoring systems. However, human labor is costly and…

The scalability of robotic manipulation is fundamentally bottlenecked by the scarcity of task-aligned physical interaction data. While vision-language models (VLMs) and video generation models (VGMs) hold promise for autonomous data…

Pretrained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies have achieved strong single-step manipulation, but their inference remains largely memoryless, which is brittle in non-Markovian long-horizon settings with occlusion, state aliasing, and…

Visual commonsense reasoning (VCR) is a challenging multi-modal task, which requires high-level cognition and commonsense reasoning ability about the real world. In recent years, large-scale pre-training approaches have been developed and…

This study investigates the spatial reasoning capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting and reinforcement learning. We begin by evaluating the impact of different prompting strategies and find…

Scaling LLM-based embodied agents from text-only environments to complex multimodal settings remains a major challenge. Recent work identifies a perception-reasoning-decision gap in standalone Vision-Language Models (VLMs), which often…

Reasoning, the process of devising and executing complex goal-oriented action sequences, remains a critical challenge in AI. Current large language models (LLMs) primarily employ Chain-of-Thought (CoT) techniques, which suffer from brittle…

Spatial reasoning is foundational for Vision-Language Models (VLMs), particularly when deployed as Vision-Language-Action (VLA) agents in physical environments. However, existing benchmarks predominantly focus on elementary, single-hop…

Embodied task planning requires agents to execute long-horizon, goal-directed actions in complex 3D environments, where success depends on both immediate perception and accumulated experience across tasks. However, most existing LLM-based…

Visual navigation is an essential skill for home-assistance robots, providing the object-searching ability to accomplish long-horizon daily tasks. Many recent approaches use Large Language Models (LLMs) for commonsense inference to improve…

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made remarkable progress in visual understanding and language-based reasoning, yet they lack a persistent world-centered representation for spatially consistent reasoning in 3D…

Vision language models (VLMs) exhibit vast knowledge of the physical world, including intuition of physical and spatial properties, affordances, and motion. With fine-tuning, VLMs can also natively produce robot trajectories. We demonstrate…

A fundamental challenge in embodied AI is verifying if agents build internal models of spatial structure or merely learn to mimic task-specific expert trajectories. This is critical as foundational approaches rooted in action-centric tasks…

Continual learning (CL) provides a framework for training models in ever-evolving environments. Although re-occurrence of previously seen objects or tasks is common in real-world problems, the concept of repetition in the data stream is not…

This paper presents a novel approach for the Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) task in continuous 3D environments, which requires an autonomous agent to follow natural language instructions in unseen environments. Existing end-to-end…

Embodied navigation for long-horizon tasks, guided by complex natural language instructions, remains a formidable challenge in artificial intelligence. Existing agents often struggle with robust long-term planning about unseen environments,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained popularity in task planning for long-horizon manipulation tasks. To enhance the validity of LLM-generated plans, visual demonstrations and online videos have been widely employed to guide the…

Recognition of objects from partial information presents a significant challenge for theories of vision because it requires spatial integration and extrapolation from prior knowledge. We combined neurophysiological recordings in human…