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The field of robotics has made significant advances towards generalist robot manipulation policies. However, real-world evaluation of such policies is not scalable and faces reproducibility challenges, which are likely to worsen as policies…

Improving generalization is one key challenge in embodied AI, where obtaining large-scale datasets across diverse scenarios is costly. Traditional weak augmentations, such as cropping and flipping, are insufficient for improving a model's…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Yinuo Zhao , Kun Wu , Tianjiao Yi , Zhiyuan Xu , Xiaozhu Ju , Zhengping Che , Chi Harold Liu , Jian Tang

The goal of robust constrained reinforcement learning (RL) is to optimize an agent's performance under the worst-case model uncertainty while satisfying safety or resource constraints. In this paper, we demonstrate that strong duality does…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shaocong Ma , Ziyi Chen , Yi Zhou , Heng Huang

Learning-based methods have improved locomotion skills of quadruped robots through deep reinforcement learning. However, the sim-to-real gap and low sample efficiency still limit the skill transfer. To address this issue, we propose an…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Haojie Shi , Tingguang Li , Qingxu Zhu , Jiapeng Sheng , Lei Han , Max Q. -H. Meng

World models are central to building agents that can reason, plan, and generalize beyond their training data. However, research on world models is currently fragmented, with disparate codebases, data pipelines, and evaluation protocols…

Embodied intelligence has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years, driven by advances in computer vision, natural language processing, and the rise of large-scale multimodal models. Among its core challenges, robot manipulation stands…

In this work, we investigate how spatially grounded auxiliary representations can provide both broad, high-level grounding as well as direct, actionable information to improve policy learning performance and generalization for dexterous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Jonathan Yang , Chuyuan Kelly Fu , Dhruv Shah , Dorsa Sadigh , Fei Xia , Tingnan Zhang

Soft robots achieve functionality through tight coupling among geometry, material composition, and actuation. As a result, effective design optimization requires these three aspects to be considered jointly rather than in isolation. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Vittorio Candiello , Manuel Mekkattu , Mike Y. Michelis , Robert K. Katzschmann

Policy Mirror Descent (PMD) is a powerful and theoretically sound methodology for sequential decision-making. However, it is not directly applicable to Reinforcement Learning (RL) due to the inaccessibility of explicit action-value…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Pietro Novelli , Marco Pratticò , Massimiliano Pontil , Carlo Ciliberto

We introduce RoboBrain 2.0, our latest generation of embodied vision-language foundation models, designed to unify perception, reasoning, and planning for complex embodied tasks in physical environments. It comes in two variants: a…

World-model-based imagine-then-act becomes a promising paradigm for robotic manipulation, yet existing approaches typically support either purely image-based forecasting or reasoning over partial 3D geometry, limiting their ability to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jiaxu Wang , Yicheng Jiang , Tianlun He , Jingkai Sun , Qiang Zhang , Junhao He , Jiahang Cao , Zesen Gan , Mingyuan Sun , Qiming Shao , Xiangyu Yue

Embodied AI development significantly lags behind large foundation models due to three critical challenges: (1) lack of systematic understanding of core capabilities needed for Embodied AI, making research lack clear objectives; (2) absence…

While modern policy optimization methods can do complex manipulation from sensory data, they struggle on problems with extended time horizons and multiple sub-goals. On the other hand, task and motion planning (TAMP) methods scale to long…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Michael James McDonald , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

In this paper, we present the runner-up solution for the Ego4D EgoSchema Challenge at CVPR 2025 (Confirmed on May 20, 2025). Inspired by the success of large models, we evaluate and leverage leading accessible multimodal large models and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Jun Xie , Xiongjun Guan , Yingjian Zhu , Zhaoran Zhao , Xinming Wang , Hongzhu Yi , Feng Chen , Zhepeng Wang

The integration of Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models with World Models has gained increasing attention. One representative approach treats learned World Models as generative simulators, enabling policy optimization entirely within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jiaxuan Gao , Yongjian Guo , Zhong Guan , Wen Huang , Wanlun Ma , Xi Xiao , Junwu Xiong , Sheng Wen

Recent success in legged robot locomotion is attributed to the integration of reinforcement learning and physical simulators. However, these policies often encounter challenges when deployed in real-world environments due to sim-to-real…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shaoting Zhu , Linzhan Mou , Derun Li , Baijun Ye , Runhan Huang , Hang Zhao

Perceiving and reconstructing objects from images are critical for real-to-sim transfer tasks, which are widely used in the robotics community. Existing methods rely on multiple submodules such as detection, segmentation, shape…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Chuanrui Zhang , Yingshuang Zou , ZhengXian Wu , Yonggen Ling , Yuxiao Yang , Ziwei Wang

Despite advancements in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) for scene understanding, their performance on complex spatial reasoning tasks requiring mental simulation remains significantly limited. Current methods often rely on passive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Meng Cao , Xingyu Li , Xue Liu , Ian Reid , Xiaodan Liang

Overcoming robotics challenges in the real world requires resilient control systems capable of handling a multitude of environments and unforeseen events. Evolutionary optimization using simulations is a promising way to automatically…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-12 Jørgen Nordmoen , Tønnes F. Nygaard , Kai Olav Ellefsen , Kyrre Glette

The ability to simulate the effects of future actions on the world is a crucial ability of intelligent embodied agents, enabling agents to anticipate the effects of their actions and make plans accordingly. While a large body of existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Siyuan Zhou , Yilun Du , Yuncong Yang , Lei Han , Peihao Chen , Dit-Yan Yeung , Chuang Gan