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Due to recent advances in laser satellite communications technology, free-space optical (FSO) links are presented as an ideal alternative to the conventional radio frequency (RF) feeder links of the geostationary satellite for next…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Emna Zedini , Abla Kammoun , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

This letter investigates dynamic routing in Next-Generation Satellite Orbit (NGSO) constellations and proposes a hybrid strategy that combines precomputed routing tables with a Deep Q-Learning (DQL) fallback mechanism. While fully RL-based…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-19 Flor Ortiz , Eva Lagunas

Low Earth orbit Satellite Networks (LSNs) have been advocated as a key infrastructure for truly global coverage in the forthcoming 6G. This paper presents our initial measurement results and observations on the end-to-end network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Sami Ma , Yi Ching Chou , Haoyuan Zhao , Long Chen , Xiaoqiang Ma , Jiangchuan Liu

Inter-satellite links (ISLs) are adopted in global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) for high-precision orbit determination and space-based end-to-end telemetry telecommand control and communications. Due to limited onboard ISL…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-03-25 Z. Yan , K. Zhao , W. Li , C. Kang , J. Zheng , H. Yang , S. Du

Accurate asset localization holds paramount importance across various industries, ranging from transportation management to search and rescue operations. In scenarios where traditional positioning equations cannot be adequately solved due…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-08 Alejandro Gonzalez-Garrido , Jorge Querol , Henk Wymeersch , Symeon Chatzinotas

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite mega-constellations with hundreds or thousands of satellites and inter-satellite links (ISLs) have the potential to provide global end-to-end connectivity. Furthermore, if the physical distance between source…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Rasmus Sibbern Frederiksen , Thomas Gundgaard Mulvad , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Tatiana Kozlova Madsen , Federico Chiariotti

Low Earth orbit (LEO) mega-constellations rely on inter-satellite links (ISLs) to provide global connectivity. We note that in addition to the general constellation parameters, the ISL spanning patterns are also greatly influence the final…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Xiangtong Wang , Xiaodong Han , Menglong Yang , Chuan Xing , Yuqi Wang , Songchen Han , Wei Li

The ever-increasing demand for ubiquitous, continuous, and high-quality services poses a great challenge to the traditional terrestrial network. To mitigate this problem, the mobile-edge-computing-enhanced low earth orbit (LEO) satellite…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Yantong Wang , Chuanfen Feng , Jiande Sun

Multi-layer ultra-dense satellite networks (MLUDSNs) have soared this meteoric to provide vast throughputd for globally diverse services. Differing from traditional monolayer constellations, MLUDSNs emphasize the spatial integration among…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Qi Hao , Di Zhou , Min Sheng , Yan Shi , Jiandong Li

Modern satellites deployed in low Earth orbit (LEO) accommodate processing payloads that can be exploited for edge computing. Furthermore, by implementing inter-satellite links, the LEO satellites in a constellation can route the data…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-23 Marc Martinez-Gost , Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Vázquez , Beatriz Soret , Marco Moretti

The radio-frequency (RF) technology is a scalable solution for the backhaul planning. However, its performance is limited in terms of data rate and latency. Free Space Optical (FSO) backhaul, on the other hand, offers a higher data rate but…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-11-03 Ahmed Douik , Hayssam Dahrouj , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Snapshot is a fundamental notion proposed for routing in mobile low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks which is characterized with predictable topology dynamics. Its distribution has a great impact on the routing performance and on-board…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Zhu Tang , Zhenqian Feng , Wanrong Yu , Baokang Zhao , Chunqing Wu

The proliferation of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites for universal IoT applications and the growing use of drones in emergency services, agriculture, and military operations highlight the transformative potential of non-terrestrial…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Rohith Reddy Vennam , Maiyun Zhang , Raghav Subbaraman , Deepak Vashist , Dinesh Bharadia

Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) have emerged as a transformative solution to bridge the digital divide and deliver essential services to remote and underserved areas. In this context, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations offer…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-06 Feng Wang , Giovanni Geraci , Lingxiang Li , Peng Wang , Tony Q. S. Quek

In this paper, a lightweight LEO satellite-assisted flexible faster-than-Nyquist (FTN)-orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) (LEO-FFTN-OTFS) scheme is proposed to address the stringent constraints on onboard power consumption and the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chaorong Zhang , Hui Xu , Benjamin K. Ng , Yue Liu , Chan-Tong Lam , Halim Yanikomeroglu

The construction of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations has recently attracted tremendous attention from both academia and industry. The 5G and 6G standards have identified LEO satellite networks as a key component of future…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Jiasheng Wu , Shaojie Su , Wenjun Zhu , Xiong Wang , Jingjing Zhang , Xingqiu He , Yue Gao

This paper investigates the general problem of resource allocation for mitigating channel fading effects in Free Space Optical (FSO) communications. The resource allocation problem is modeled as the constrained stochastic optimization…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-20 Zhan Gao , Mark Eisen , Alejandro Ribeiro

As the increase in satellite number and variety, satellite ground stations should be required to offer user services in a flexible and efficient manner. Network function virtualization (NFV) can provide a new paradigm to allocate network…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Xiangqiang Gao , Rongke liu , Aryan Kaushik

In the load balancing problem, each node in a network is assigned a load, and the goal is to equally distribute the loads among the nodes, by preforming local load exchanges. While load balancing was extensively studied in static networks,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-05-28 Seth Gilbert , Uri Meir , Ami Paz , Gregory Schwartzman

Low earth orbit (LEO) satellites are a key technology to enable connectivity for rural and remote users. Communication satellites in LEO can provide coverage to much larger areas than terrestrial or aerial systems, while offering improved…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Lachlan Drake , Lawrence Ong , Duy T. Ngo