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Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have drawn attention because of their outstanding performance on various tasks. However, deploying full-fledged DNNs in resource-constrained devices (edge, mobile, IoT) is difficult due to their large size. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Divya J. Bajpai , Vivek K. Trivedi , Sohan L. Yadav , Manjesh K. Hanawal

Early Exit (EE) techniques have emerged as a means to reduce inference latency in Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). The latency improvement and accuracy in these techniques crucially depend on the criteria used to make exit decisions. We propose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Early Exit Neural Networks (EENNs) present a solution to enhance the efficiency of neural network deployments. However, creating EENNs is challenging and requires specialized domain knowledge, due to the large amount of additional design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Max Sponner , Lorenzo Servadei , Bernd Waschneck , Robert Wille , Akash Kumar

Deep learning (DL) models have emerged as a promising solution for the Internet of Things (IoT). However, due to their computational complexity, DL models consume significant amounts of energy, which can rapidly drain the battery and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-05 Marcello Bullo , Seifallah Jardak , Pietro Carnelli , Deniz Gündüz

Deep neural networks (DNNs) achieve remarkable performance but often suffer from overfitting due to their high capacity. We introduce Momentum-Adaptive Gradient Dropout (MAGDrop), a novel regularization method that dynamically adjusts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Adeel Safder

Recently, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are utilized to reduce the bandwidth and improve the quality of Internet video delivery. Existing methods train corresponding content-aware super-resolution (SR) model for each video chunk on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Xiaoqi Li , Jiaming Liu , Shizun Wang , Cheng Lyu , Ming Lu , Yurong Chen , Anbang Yao , Yandong Guo , Shanghang Zhang

Designing effective neural networks is a cornerstone of deep learning, and Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has emerged as a powerful tool for automating this process. Among the existing NAS approaches, Differentiable Architecture Search…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Pengjin Wu , Ferrante Neri , Zhenhua Feng

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities, but their practical deployment is hindered by significant computational costs. While adaptive computation methods like early-exiting promise to reduce these costs, they introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Sangmin Bae

The large computing and memory cost of deep neural networks (DNNs) often precludes their use in resource-constrained devices. Quantizing the parameters and operations to lower bit-precision offers substantial memory and energy savings for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Clemens JS Schaefer , Siddharth Joshi , Shan Li , Raul Blazquez

Multivariate time series anomaly detection (MTSAD) aims to accurately identify and localize complex abnormal patterns in the large-scale industrial control systems. While existing approaches excel in recognizing the distinct patterns under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Xuechun Liu , Heli Sun , Xuecheng Wu , Ruichen Cao , Yunyun Shi , Dingkang Yang , Haoran Li

Despite the remarkable performance, modern deep neural networks are inevitably accompanied by a significant amount of computational cost for learning and deployment, which may be incompatible with their usage on edge devices. Recent efforts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-11 Seul-Ki Yeom , Kyung-Hwan Shim , Jee-Hyun Hwang

In this paper, we extend our previous work on the Expressive Neural Network (ENN), a multilayer perceptron with adaptive activation functions parametrized using the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). Building upon previous work that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Marc Martinez-Gost , Sara Pepe , Ana Pérez-Neira , Miguel Ángel Lagunas

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) can do inference with low power consumption due to their spike sparsity. ANN-SNN conversion is an efficient way to achieve deep SNNs by converting well-trained Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-24 Xiang He , Yang Li , Dongcheng Zhao , Qingqun Kong , Yi Zeng

Modern deep neural networks (DNNs) consist of millions of parameters, necessitating high-performance computing during training and inference. Pruning is one solution that significantly reduces the space and time complexities of DNNs.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Dhananjay Saikumar , Blesson Varghese

We demonstrate that extremely low resolution quantized (nominally 5-state) synapses with large stochastic variations in Domain Wall (DW) position can be both energy efficient and achieve reasonably high testing accuracies compared to Deep…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2023-05-18 Walid A. Misba , Mark Lozano , Damien Querlioz , Jayasimha Atulasimha

Despite the great success in Natural Language Processing (NLP) area, large pre-trained language models like BERT are not well-suited for resource-constrained or real-time applications owing to the large number of parameters and slow…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Keli Xie , Siyuan Lu , Meiqi Wang , Zhongfeng Wang

Recently, the efficient deployment and acceleration of powerful vision transformers (ViTs) on resource-limited edge devices for providing multimedia services have become attractive tasks. Although early exiting is a feasible solution for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Guanyu Xu , Jiawei Hao , Li Shen , Han Hu , Yong Luo , Hui Lin , Jialie Shen

Early exiting is an effective paradigm for improving the inference efficiency of deep networks. By constructing classifiers with varying resource demands (the exits), such networks allow easy samples to be output at early exits, removing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Yizeng Han , Yifan Pu , Zihang Lai , Chaofei Wang , Shiji Song , Junfen Cao , Wenhui Huang , Chao Deng , Gao Huang

Recently, there has been a growing interest in automating the process of neural architecture design, and the Differentiable Architecture Search (DARTS) method makes the process available within a few GPU days. However, the performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Hanwen Liang , Shifeng Zhang , Jiacheng Sun , Xingqiu He , Weiran Huang , Kechen Zhuang , Zhenguo Li

Deploying large language model inference remains challenging due to their high computational overhead. Early exit optimizes model inference by adaptively reducing the number of inference layers. Current methods typically train internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Lianming Huang , Shangyu Wu , Yufei Cui , Ying Xiong , Haibo Hu , Xue Liu , Tei-Wei Kuo , Nan Guan , Chun Jason Xue