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Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have yielded impressive successes on many language tasks. However, efficient processing of long contexts using LLMs remains a significant challenge. We introduce \textbf{EpMAN} -- a method for…

Repository-level code intelligence tasks require large language models (LLMs) to process long, multi-file contexts. Such inputs introduce three challenges: crucial context can be obscured by noise, truncated due to limited windows, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jia Feng , Zhanyue Qin , Cuiyun Gao , Ruiqi Wang , Chaozheng Wang , Yingwei Ma , Xiaoyuan Xie

Transformer models have achieved great success across many NLP problems. However, previous studies in automated ICD coding concluded that these models fail to outperform some of the earlier solutions such as CNN-based models. In this paper…

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated state-of-the-art performance across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks, achieving near-human levels in multiple language understanding challenges and aligning closely with…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-08 Zhenyi Wang , Li Zou , Shengyun Wei , Kai Li , Feifan Liao , Haibo Mi , Rongxuan Lai

Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o and Claude Sonnet 4.5 have demonstrated strong capabilities in open-ended reasoning and generative language tasks, leading to their widespread adoption across a broad range of NLP applications.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Alberto Andres Valdes Gonzalez

Many benchmarks exist for evaluating long-context language models (LCLMs), yet developers often rely on synthetic tasks such as needle-in-a-haystack (NIAH) or an arbitrary subset of tasks. However, it remains unclear whether these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Howard Yen , Tianyu Gao , Minmin Hou , Ke Ding , Daniel Fleischer , Peter Izsak , Moshe Wasserblat , Danqi Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved substantial progress in processing long contexts but still struggle with long-context reasoning. Existing approaches typically involve fine-tuning LLMs with synthetic data, which depends on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Siheng Li , Cheng Yang , Zesen Cheng , Lemao Liu , Mo Yu , Yujiu Yang , Wai Lam

Long-context capability is considered one of the most important abilities of LLMs, as a truly long context-capable LLM enables users to effortlessly process many originally exhausting tasks -- e.g., digesting a long-form document to find…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wang Yang , Hongye Jin , Shaochen Zhong , Song Jiang , Qifan Wang , Vipin Chaudhary , Xiaotian Han

Long-context language models (LCLMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities in long-context understanding tasks. Among these, long-context referencing -- a crucial task that requires LCLMs to attribute items of interest to specific parts of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Junjie Wu , Gefei Gu , Yanan Zheng , Dit-Yan Yeung , Arman Cohan

This study explores the use of large language models (LLMs) to predict emotion intensity in Polish political texts, a resource-poor language context. The research compares the performance of several LLMs against a supervised model trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Hubert Plisiecki , Piotr Koc , Maria Flakus , Artur Pokropek

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in in-context learning (ICL), where models adapt to new tasks through example-based prompts without requiring parameter updates. However, understanding how tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Baturay Saglam , Xinyang Hu , Zhuoran Yang , Dionysis Kalogerias , Amin Karbasi

While Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong performance across domains, their long-context capabilities are limited by transient neural activations causing information decay and unstructured feed-forward network (FFN) weights…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-04-13 Kangcong Li , Peng Ye , Chongjun Tu , Lin Zhang , Chunfeng Song , Jiamin Wu , Tao Yang , Qihao Zheng , Tao Chen

Large context window is a desirable feature in large language models (LLMs). However, due to high fine-tuning costs, scarcity of long texts, and catastrophic values introduced by new token positions, current extended context windows are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yiran Ding , Li Lyna Zhang , Chengruidong Zhang , Yuanyuan Xu , Ning Shang , Jiahang Xu , Fan Yang , Mao Yang

This paper aims to benchmark recent progress in language understanding models that output contextualised representations at the character level. Many such modelling architectures and methods to train those architectures have been proposed,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Kris Cao

Text classification is an area of research which has been studied over the years in Natural Language Processing (NLP). Adapting NLP to multiple domains has introduced many new challenges for text classification and one of them is long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-20 Damith Premasiri , Tharindu Ranasinghe , Ruslan Mitkov

In this paper, we study whether an off-the-shelf LLM can be adapted into a discrete, variable-length token compressor and decompressor for long-context processing. To this end, we design a self-expressive autoencoding framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Wenbing Li , Yiran Wang , Zikai Song , Jielei Zhang , Tianhao Zhao , Junkai Lin , Wei Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant computational challenges when processing long contexts due to the quadratic complexity of self-attention. While soft context compression methods, which map input text to smaller latent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Gabriele Berton , Jayakrishnan Unnikrishnan , Son Tran , Mubarak Shah

In this work we explore recent advances in Recurrent Neural Networks for large scale Language Modeling, a task central to language understanding. We extend current models to deal with two key challenges present in this task: corpora and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-02-15 Rafal Jozefowicz , Oriol Vinyals , Mike Schuster , Noam Shazeer , Yonghui Wu

Although models using contextual word embeddings have achieved state-of-the-art results on a host of NLP tasks, little is known about exactly what information these embeddings encode about the context words that they are understood to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Josef Klafka , Allyson Ettinger

Large language models (LLMs) with extended context windows have made significant strides yet remain a challenge due to the scarcity of long documents. Existing methods tend to synthesize long-context data but lack a clear mechanism to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chaochen Gao , Xing Wu , Zijia Lin , Debing Zhang , Songlin Hu