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Chemical reasoning usually involves complex, multi-step processes that demand precise calculations, where even minor errors can lead to cascading failures. Furthermore, large language models (LLMs) encounter difficulties handling…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xiangru Tang , Tianyu Hu , Muyang Ye , Yanjun Shao , Xunjian Yin , Siru Ouyang , Wangchunshu Zhou , Pan Lu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Yilun Zhao , Arman Cohan , Mark Gerstein

Despite deep learning's success in chemistry, its impact is hindered by a lack of interpretability and an inability to resolve activity cliffs, where minor structural nuances trigger drastic property shifts. Current representation learning,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Xiangsen Chen , Ruilong Wu , Yanyan Lan , Ting Ma , Yang Liu

Astrochemical modeling is needed for understanding the formation and evolution of interstellar molecules, and for extracting physical information from spectroscopic observations of interstellar clouds. The modeling usually involves handling…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-05-05 Fujun Du

Identifying reaction conditions that are broadly applicable across diverse substrates is a longstanding challenge in chemical and pharmaceutical research. While many methods are available to generate conditions with acceptable performance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yu Zhang , Ruijie Yu , Kaipeng Zeng , Ding Li , Feng Zhu , Xiaokang Yang , Yaohui Jin , Yanyan Xu

Revolutionizing drug discovery demands more than just understanding molecular interactions - it requires generative models that can design novel ligands tailored to specific biological targets. While chemical Language Models (cLMs) have…

Natural language is expected to be a key medium for various human-machine interactions in the era of large language models. When it comes to the biochemistry field, a series of tasks around molecules (e.g., property prediction, molecule…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Zheni Zeng , Bangchen Yin , Shipeng Wang , Jiarui Liu , Cheng Yang , Haishen Yao , Xingzhi Sun , Maosong Sun , Guotong Xie , Zhiyuan Liu

While Vision Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in general visual understanding, their application in the chemical domain has been limited, with previous works predominantly focusing on text and thus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Xuanle Zhao , Shuxin Zeng , Xinyuan Cai , Xiang Cheng , Duzhen Zhang , Xiuyi Chen , Bo Xu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly recognized as powerful tools for scientific discovery, particularly in molecular science. A fundamental requirement for these models is the ability to accurately understand molecular structures,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yunhui Jang , Jaehyung Kim , Sungsoo Ahn

Recent progress of deep generative models in the vision and language domain has stimulated significant interest in more structured data generation such as molecules. However, beyond generating new random molecules, efficient exploration and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Guanghao Wei , Yining Huang , Chenru Duan , Yue Song , Yuanqi Du

Chemical reaction prediction is pivotal for accelerating drug discovery and synthesis planning. Despite advances in data-driven models, current approaches are hindered by an overemphasis on parameter and dataset scaling. Some methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Ran Li , Shimin Di , Haowei LI , Luanshi Bu , Jiachuan Wang , Wangze Ni , Lei Chen

The versatility of multimodal deep learning holds tremendous promise for advancing scientific research and practical applications. As this field continues to evolve, the collective power of cross-modal analysis promises to drive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Yifei Wang , Yunrui Li , Lin Liu , Pengyu Hong , Hao Xu

While automated chemical tools excel at specific tasks, they have struggled to capture the strategic thinking that characterizes expert chemical reasoning. Here we demonstrate that large language models (LLMs) can serve as powerful tools…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Andres M Bran , Theo A Neukomm , Daniel P Armstrong , Zlatko Jončev , Philippe Schwaller

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at recognizing individual visual elements and reasoning over simple linear diagrams. However, when faced with complex topological structures involving branching paths, converging flows, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Qiang Xu , Shengyuan Bai , Yu Wang , He Cao , Leqing Chen , Yuanyuan Liu , Bin Feng , Zijing Liu , Yu Li

Chemical large language models (LLMs) predominantly rely on explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) in natural language to perform complex reasoning. However, chemical reasoning is inherently continuous and structural, and forcing it into discrete…

As the capabilities of large multimodal models (LMMs) continue to advance, evaluating the performance of LMMs emerges as an increasing need. Additionally, there is an even larger gap in evaluating the advanced knowledge and reasoning…

For vision-language models (VLMs), understanding the dynamic properties of objects and their interactions in 3D scenes from videos is crucial for effective reasoning about high-level temporal and action semantics. Although humans are adept…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xingrui Wang , Wufei Ma , Angtian Wang , Shuo Chen , Adam Kortylewski , Alan Yuille

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in diverse areas, yet struggle with complex scientific reasoning, especially in the field of chemistry. Different from the simple chemistry tasks (e.g., molecule classification) addressed in previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Siru Ouyang , Zhuosheng Zhang , Bing Yan , Xuan Liu , Yejin Choi , Jiawei Han , Lianhui Qin

Parsing chemical reaction diagrams from scientific literature is challenging due to heterogeneous layouts, intertwined visual elements, and the difficulty of integrating recognition and reasoning. Existing vision-language models advance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chuang Tang , Chenhao Lin , Yin Xu , Hao Wang , Jinrui Zhou , Xin Li , Mingjun Xiao , Enhong Chen

The recent advances in neural language models have also been successfully applied to the field of chemistry, offering generative solutions for classical problems in molecular design and synthesis planning. These new methods have the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Dimitrios Christofidellis , Giorgio Giannone , Jannis Born , Ole Winther , Teodoro Laino , Matteo Manica

Chemputation is the process of programming chemical robots to do experiments using a universal symbolic language, but the literature can be error prone and hard to read due to ambiguities. Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Sebastian Pagel , Michael Jirasek , Leroy Cronin