Related papers: Real-time Tomography-based Bayesian Inference from…
In this paper, current profiles for plasma discharges on the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) are directly calculated from pickup coil, flux loop and Motional-Stark Effect (MSE) observations via methods based in the statistical theory…
Plasma diagnostics often employ computerized tomography to estimate emissivity profiles from a finite, and often limited, number of line-integrated measurements. Decades of algorithmic refinement have brought considerable improvements, and…
Real-time control of tokamak plasmas encompasses sustaining a high-performance stationary state, avoiding disruptions, and managing ramp-up and ramp-down phases. Real-time estimation and control of electron density is fundamental for…
Machine learning has recently been adopted to emulate sensitivity matrices for real-time magnetic control of tokamak plasmas. However, these approaches would benefit from a quantification of possible inaccuracies. We report on two aspects…
In thermonuclear plasmas, plasma ions undergoing nuclear reactions emit gamma-rays with energies in the MeV range. Their spectroscopy can convey much plasma information, such as the DT fusion power, the spatial and velocity distributions of…
Ion-assisted surface processes are the basis of modern plasma processing. Ion energy distribution (IED) control is critical for precise material modification, especially in atomic-level technologies such as atomic layer etching. Since this…
Infrared Imaging Video Bolometer (IRVB) measures total radiation power loss from plasma in 2 dimensions through a pinhole camera geometry. Where a free-standing thin metal foil act as a broad band absorber from Soft X-Rays to IR radiation.…
When a plasma disrupts in a tokamak, significant heat and electromagnetic loads are deposited onto the surrounding device components. These forces scale with plasma current and magnetic field strength, making disruptions one of the key…
Continuous-variable (CV) photonic states are of increasing interest in quantum information science, bolstered by features such as deterministic resource state generation and error correction via bosonic codes. Data-efficient…
Modern Tokamaks have evolved from the initial axisymmetric circular plasma shape to an elongated axisymmetric plasma shape that improves the energy confinement time and the triple product, which is a generally used figure of merit for the…
Detachment, an important mechanism for reducing target heat deposition, is achieved through reductions in power, particle and momentum; which are induced through plasma-atom and plasma-molecule interactions. Experimental research in how…
A new experimental technique for investigating characteristics of plasma generated with plasmotrons in electrophysical installations was proposed. The technique involves a simultaneous registration of both radiation spectra and images of…
The real-time reconstruction of the plasma magnetic equilibrium in a Tokamak is a key point to access high performance regimes. Indeed, the shape of the plasma current density profile is a direct output of the reconstruction and has a…
Power exhaust is one of the main challenges for the realization of practical fusion energy production. The magnetic confinement approach to fusion often uses a divertor configuration, where power loads are critical. Recent SOLPS simulations…
Machine learning algorithms often struggle to control complex real-world systems. In the case of nuclear fusion, these challenges are exacerbated, as the dynamics are notoriously complex, data is poor, hardware is subject to failures, and…
The reliable operation of a power distribution system relies on a good prior knowledge of its topology and its system state. Although crucial, due to the lack of direct monitoring devices on the switch statuses, the topology information is…
Reliable position and shape control in tokamak plasmas requires accurate real-time regulation of several strongly coupled shape parameters. The control vectors that disentangle these couplings, referred to as \textit{virtual circuits}…
A control oriented, lumped parameter model for the tokamak transformer including the slow flux penetration in the plasma (skin effect transformer model) is presented. The model does not require detailed or explicit information about plasma…
The use of deep learning is facilitating a wide range of data processing tasks in many areas. The analysis of fusion data is no exception, since there is a need to process large amounts of data collected from the diagnostic systems attached…
Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown promising results for real-time control systems, including the domain of plasma magnetic control. However, there are still significant drawbacks compared to traditional feedback control approaches for…