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We introduce a machine learning approach for extracting fine-grained representations of protein evolution from molecular dynamics datasets. Metastable switching linear dynamical systems extend standard switching models with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-07 Bharath Ramsundar , Vijay S. Pande

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu

Generating new molecules is fundamental to advancing critical applications such as drug discovery and material synthesis. Flows can generate molecules effectively by inverting the encoding process, however, existing flow models either…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Yogesh Verma , Samuel Kaski , Markus Heinonen , Vikas Garg

Recent work such as AlphaEvolve has shown that combining LLM-driven optimization with evolutionary search can effectively improve programs, prompts, and algorithms across domains. In this paradigm, previously evaluated solutions are reused…

Despite being self-supervised, protein language models have shown remarkable performance in fundamental biological tasks such as predicting impact of genetic variation on protein structure and function. The effectiveness of these models on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Onuralp Soylemez , Pablo Cordero

Language models are prone to dataset biases, known as shortcuts and spurious correlations in data, which often result in performance drop on new data. We present a new debiasing framework called ``FairFlow'' that mitigates dataset biases by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Jiali Cheng , Hadi Amiri

Attention-based models trained on protein sequences have demonstrated incredible success at classification and generation tasks relevant for artificial intelligence-driven protein design. However, we lack a sufficient understanding of how…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Erik Nijkamp , Jeffrey Ruffolo , Eli N. Weinstein , Nikhil Naik , Ali Madani

Evolutionary model merging provides a powerful framework for the automated, training-free composition of LLMs through parameter-space search. However, existing methods predominantly rely on stochastic, hand-crafted operators that overlook…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Tao Jiang , Xinmeng Yu , Chenhao Yi , Yiling Wu , Yan Li , Ran Cheng , Dongmei Jiang , Jianguo Zhang

Flow matching has emerged as a simulation-free alternative to diffusion-based generative modeling, producing samples by solving an ODE whose time-dependent velocity field is learned along an interpolation between a simple source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Shivam Kumar , Yixin Wang , Lizhen Lin

The remarkable success of pretrain-then-finetune paradigm has led to a proliferation of available pre-trained models for vision tasks. This surge presents a significant challenge in efficiently choosing the most suitable pre-trained models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Zixuan Hu , Xiaotong Li , Shixiang Tang , Jun Liu , Yichun Hu , Ling-Yu Duan

Reconstructing PDE-governed fields from sparse and irregular measurements is challenging due to their ill-posed nature. Deterministic surrogates are trained on dense fields that struggle with limited measurements and uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hao Zhou , Rui Zhang , Han Wan , Hao Sun

AI-based protein structure prediction pipelines, such as AlphaFold2, have achieved near-experimental accuracy. These advanced pipelines mainly rely on Multiple Sequence Alignments (MSAs) as inputs to learn the co-evolution information from…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-19 Xiaomin Fang , Fan Wang , Lihang Liu , Jingzhou He , Dayong Lin , Yingfei Xiang , Xiaonan Zhang , Hua Wu , Hui Li , Le Song

Advances in language modeling have led to the development of deep attention-based models that are performant across a wide variety of natural language processing (NLP) problems. These language models are typified by a pre-training process…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Joseph F DeRose , Jiayao Wang , Matthew Berger

The analysis of coevolution of residues in homologous proteins is a powerful tool to predict their native conformation. The standard framework in which coevolutionary analysis is usually worked out is that of equilibrium Potts models,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-02-11 D. Oriani , M. Cagiada , G. Tiana

Retrosynthesis involves determining a sequence of reactions to synthesize complex molecules from simpler precursors. As this poses a challenge in organic chemistry, machine learning has offered solutions, particularly for predicting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Mikołaj Sacha , Michał Sadowski , Piotr Kozakowski , Ruard van Workum , Stanisław Jastrzębski

We consider the protein sequence engineering problem, which aims to find protein sequences with high fitness levels, starting from a given wild-type sequence. Directed evolution has been a dominating paradigm in this field which has an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Yinkai Wang , Jiaxing He , Yuanqi Du , Xiaohui Chen , Jianan Canal Li , Li-Ping Liu , Xiaolin Xu , Soha Hassoun

In this paper, we establish a connection between the parameterization of flow-based and energy-based generative models, and present a new flow-based modeling approach called energy-based normalizing flow (EBFlow). We demonstrate that by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Chen-Hao Chao , Wei-Fang Sun , Yen-Chang Hsu , Zsolt Kira , Chun-Yi Lee

Through evolution, nature has presented a set of remarkable protein materials, including elastins, silks, keratins and collagens with superior mechanical performances that play crucial roles in mechanobiology. However, going beyond natural…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-12-19 Bo Ni , David L. Kaplan , Markus J. Buehler

Training-free image editing has attracted increasing attention for its efficiency and independence from training data. However, existing approaches predominantly rely on inversion-reconstruction trajectories, which impose an inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Menglin Han , Zhangkai Ni

We propose Pullback Flow Matching (PFM), a novel framework for generative modeling on data manifolds. Unlike existing methods that assume or learn restrictive closed-form manifold mappings for training Riemannian Flow Matching (RFM) models,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Friso de Kruiff , Erik Bekkers , Ozan Öktem , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Willem Diepeveen