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Neural Combinatorial Optimization aims to learn to solve a class of combinatorial problems through data-driven methods and notably through employing neural networks by learning the underlying distribution of problem instances. While, so far…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Daniela Thyssens , Tim Dernedde , Wilson Sentanoe , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Combinatorial optimization algorithms for graph problems are usually designed afresh for each new problem with careful attention by an expert to the problem structure. In this work, we develop a new framework to solve any combinatorial…

PDE-Constrained Optimization (PDECO) problems can be accelerated significantly by employing gradient-based methods with surrogate models like neural operators compared to traditional numerical solvers. However, this approach faces two key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Ze Cheng , Zhuoyu Li , Xiaoqiang Wang , Jianing Huang , Zhizhou Zhang , Zhongkai Hao , Hang Su

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have emerged as a powerful tool for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs), exhibiting state-of-the-art performance in both graph-structured and non-graph-structured domains. However, existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Yaochu Jin , Xueming Yan , Shiqing Liu , Xiangyu Wang

In recent years, there has been notable interest in investigating combinatorial optimization (CO) problems by neural-based framework. An emerging strategy to tackle these challenging problems involves the adoption of graph neural networks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Yang Liu , Chuan Zhou , Peng Zhang , Shirui Pan , Zhao Li , Hongyang Chen

The Maximum Minimal Cut Problem (MMCP), a NP-hard combinatorial optimization (CO) problem, has not received much attention due to the demanding and challenging bi-connectivity constraint. Moreover, as a CO problem, it is also a daunting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Huaiyuan Liu , Xianzhang Liu , Donghua Yang , Hongzhi Wang , Yingchi Long , Mengtong Ji , Dongjing Miao , Zhiyu Liang

Combinatorial optimization (CO) problems are crucial in various scientific and industrial applications. Recently, researchers have proposed using unsupervised Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to address NP-hard combinatorial optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Daria Pugacheva , Andrei Ermakov , Igor Lyskov , Ilya Makarov , Yuriy Zotov

Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks (HGNNs), have demonstrated excellent capabilities in processing heterogeneous information networks. Self-supervised learning on heterogeneous graphs, especially contrastive self-supervised strategy, shows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yanbei Liu , Chongxu Wang , Zhitao Xiao , Lei Geng , Yanwei Pang , Xiao Wang

Combinatorial optimization problems are pervasive across science and industry. Modern deep learning tools are poised to solve these problems at unprecedented scales, but a unifying framework that incorporates insights from statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Martin J. A. Schuetz , J. Kyle Brubaker , Helmut G. Katzgraber

This paper proposes distributed algorithms to solve robust convex optimization (RCO) when the constraints are affected by nonlinear uncertainty. We adopt a scenario approach by randomly sampling the uncertainty set. To facilitate the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-01-16 Keyou You , Roberto Tempo , Pei Xie

Efficiently training a multi-task neural solver for various combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) has been less studied so far. Naive application of conventional multi-task learning approaches often falls short in delivering a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chenguang Wang , Zhang-Hua Fu , Pinyan Lu , Tianshu Yu

Combinatorial Optimization (CO) addresses many important problems, including the challenging Maximum Independent Set (MIS) problem. Alongside exact and heuristic solvers, differentiable approaches have emerged, often using continuous…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ismail Alkhouri , Cedric Le Denmat , Yingjie Li , Cunxi Yu , Jia Liu , Rongrong Wang , Alvaro Velasquez

In this paper, we explore the graph partitioning problem, a pivotal combina-torial optimization challenge with extensive applications in various fields such as science, technology, and business. Recognized as an NP-hard prob-lem, graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-13 Vivek Chaudhary

Relevant combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) are often NP-hard. While they have been tackled mainly via handcrafted heuristics in the past, advances in neural networks have motivated the development of general methods to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Tim Dernedde , Daniela Thyssens , Sören Dittrich , Maximilian Stubbemann , Lars Schmidt-Thieme

Multiobjective combinatorial optimization (MOCO) problems can be found in many real-world applications. However, exactly solving these problems would be very challenging, particularly when they are NP-hard. Many handcrafted heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Xi Lin , Zhiyuan Yang , Qingfu Zhang

Several recent unsupervised learning methods use probabilistic approaches to solve combinatorial optimization (CO) problems based on the assumption of statistically independent solution variables. We demonstrate that this assumption imposes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Sebastian Sanokowski , Wilhelm Berghammer , Sepp Hochreiter , Sebastian Lehner

We propose a scalable framework for solving the Maximum Cut (MaxCut) problem in large graphs using projected gradient ascent on quadratic objectives. Our approach is differentiable and leverages GPUs for gradient-based optimization. It is…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Ismail Alkhouri , Mian Wu , Cunxi Yu , Jia Liu , Rongrong Wang , Alvaro Velasquez

The literature has proposed various robust alternatives to empirical risk minimisation to address failure modes such as distribution shift, label noise and finite-sample degeneracies. Examples include distributionally robust optimization,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jonas Hanselle , Valentin Margraf , Clemens Damke , Eyke Hüllermeier

The hardness of combinatorial optimization (CO) problems hinders collecting solutions for supervised learning. However, learning neural networks for CO problems is notoriously difficult in lack of the labeled data as the training is easily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Haoran Sun , Etash K. Guha , Hanjun Dai

Unsupervised multiplex graph learning (UMGL) has been shown to achieve significant effectiveness for different downstream tasks by exploring both complementary information and consistent information among multiple graphs. However, previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Liang Peng , Xin Wang , Xiaofeng Zhu