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A long-standing open challenge for automated program repair is the overfitting problem, which is caused by having insufficient or incomplete specifications to validate whether a generated patch is correct or not. Most available repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Anastasiia Grishina , Leon Moonen

Automatic program repair papers tend to repeatedly use the same benchmarks. This poses a threat to the external validity of the findings of the program repair research community. In this paper, we perform an empirical study of automatic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-29 He Ye , Matias Martinez , Thomas Durieux , Martin Monperrus

Towards predicting patch correctness in APR, we propose a simple, but novel hypothesis on how the link between the patch behaviour and failing test specifications can be drawn: similar failing test cases should require similar patches. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-03-17 Haoye Tian , Yinghua Li , Weiguo Pian , Abdoul Kader Kaboré , Kui Liu , Andrew Habib , Jacques Klein , Tegawendé F. Bissyande

Test-based automatic program repair has attracted a lot of attention in recent years. However, the test suites in practice are often too weak to guarantee correctness and existing approaches often generate a large number of incorrect…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-30 Yingfei Xiong , Xinyuan Liu , Muhan Zeng , Lu Zhang , Gang Huang

Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques typically rely on a given test-suite to guide the repair process. Apart from the need to provide test oracles, this makes the produced patches prone to test data over-fitting. In this work, instead…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Yuntong Zhang , Andreea Costea , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Davin McCall , Abhik Roychoudhury

Automatic program repair (APR) aims to reduce the manual efforts required to identify and fix errors in source code. Before the rise of LLM-based agents, a common strategy was to increase the number of generated patches, sometimes to the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Fernando Vallecillos Ruiz , Max Hort , Leon Moonen

In the context of test case based automatic program repair (APR), patches that pass all the test cases but fail to fix the bug are called overfitted patches. Currently, patches generated by APR tools get inspected manually by the users to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Ali Ghanbari

Automated Program Repair (APR) agents leverage Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously diagnose and fix software bugs through reasoning, planning, and tool use. Despite impressive leaderboard gains on benchmarks such as SWE-bench,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Ira Ceka , Hailie Mitchell , Saurabh Pujar , Luca Buratti , Shyam Ramji , Junfeng Yang , Gail Kaiser , Baishakhi Ray

Software debugging is tedious, time-consuming, and even error-prone by itself. So, various automated debugging techniques have been proposed in the literature to facilitate the debugging process. Automated Program Repair (APR) is one of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-07-11 Ali Ghanbari , Lingming Zhang

Current automated program repair (APR) techniques are far from being practical and useful enough to be considered for realistic debugging. They rely on unrealistic assumptions including the requirement of a comprehensive suite of test cases…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Qi Xin , Haojun Wu , Steven P. Reiss , Jifeng Xuan

Automated program repair is an emerging technology that seeks to automatically rectify bugs and vulnerabilities using learning, search, and semantic analysis. Trust in automatically generated patches is necessary for achieving greater…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-14 Yannic Noller , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Xiang Gao , Abhik Roychoudhury

Despite the immense popularity of the Automated Program Repair (APR) field, the question of patch validation is still open. Most of the present-day approaches follow the so-called Generate-and-Validate approach, where first a candidate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-04-01 Viktor Csuvik , Dániel Horváth , Márk Lajkó , László Vidács

Modern automated program repair (APR) is well-tuned to finding and repairing bugs that introduce observable erroneous behavior to a program. However, a significant class of bugs does not lead to such observable behavior (e.g.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Leon Moonen

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to help developers automatically patch software bugs. However, current state-of-the-art traditional and learning-based APR techniques face the problem of limited patch variety, failing to fix complicated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Chunqiu Steven Xia , Yuxiang Wei , Lingming Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) holds the promise of alleviating the burden of debugging and fixing software bugs. Despite this, developers still need to manually inspect each patch to confirm its correctness, which is tedious and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ruixin Wang , Zhongkai Zhao , Le Fang , Nan Jiang , Yiling Lou , Lin Tan , Tianyi Zhang

Redundancy-based automated program repair (APR), which generates patches by referencing existing source code, has gained much attention since they are effective in repairing real-world bugs with good interpretability. However, since…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jiajun Jiang , Fengjie Li , Zijie Zhao , Zhirui Ye , Mengjiao Liu , Bo Wang , Hongyu Zhang , Junjie Chen

Automated program repair (APR) aims to fix software bugs automatically and plays a crucial role in software development and maintenance. With the recent advances in deep learning (DL), an increasing number of APR techniques have been…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Yuxiang Ma , Weisong Sun , Zhenyu Chen

Automated program repair (APR) has attracted great research attention, and various techniques have been proposed. Search-based APR is one of the most important categories among these techniques. Existing researches focus on the design of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-07-18 Ming Wen , Junjie Chen , Rongxin Wu , Dan Hao , Shing-Chi Cheung

Automated program repair (APR) tools have unlocked the potential for the rapid rectification of codebase issues. However, to encourage wider adoption of program repair in practice, it is necessary to address the usability concerns related…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-20 David Williams , James Callan , Serkan Kirbas , Sergey Mechtaev , Justyna Petke , Thomas Prideaux-Ghee , Federica Sarro

Current state-of-the-art automatic software repair (ASR) techniques rely heavily on incomplete specifications, e.g., test suites, to generate repairs. This, however, may render ASR tools to generate incorrect repairs that do not generalize.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-06-29 Xuan Bach D. Le , Lingfeng Bao , David Lo , Xin Xia , Shanping Li