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Large capacity machine learning (ML) models are prone to membership inference attacks (MIAs), which aim to infer whether the target sample is a member of the target model's training dataset. The serious privacy concerns due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Virat Shejwalkar , Amir Houmansadr

Deep learning models often raise privacy concerns as they leak information about their training data. This enables an adversary to determine whether a data point was in a model's training set by conducting a membership inference attack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Yigitcan Kaya , Sanghyun Hong , Tudor Dumitras

A membership inference attack (MIA) poses privacy risks for the training data of a machine learning model. With an MIA, an attacker guesses if the target data are a member of the training dataset. The state-of-the-art defense against MIAs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Rishav Chourasia , Batnyam Enkhtaivan , Kunihiro Ito , Junki Mori , Isamu Teranishi , Hikaru Tsuchida

Membership inference attacks (MIAs) pose a serious threat to the privacy of machine learning models by allowing adversaries to determine whether a specific data sample was included in the training set. Although federated learning (FL) is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Mohammad Zare , Pirooz Shamsinejadbabaki

This paper explains how the synthpop package for R has been extended to include functions to calculate measures of identity and attribute disclosure risk for synthetic data that measure risks for the records used to create the synthetic…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-02 Gillian M Raab , Beata Nowok , Chris Dibben

Recent years have witnessed the tremendous success of diffusion models in data synthesis. However, when diffusion models are applied to sensitive data, they also give rise to severe privacy concerns. In this paper, we systematically present…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Hailong Hu , Jun Pang

Synthetic Data Generation (SDG) can be used to facilitate privacy-preserving data sharing. However, most existing research focuses on privacy attacks where the adversary is the recipient of the released synthetic data and attempts to infer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Qinyi Liu , Dong Liu , Sam Urmian , Mohammad Khalil , Pedro P. Vergara Barrios

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to guess if an input sample was used to train the model. In this paper, we show that prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Liwei Song , Prateek Mittal

This paper introduces two methods of creating differentially private (DP) synthetic data that are now incorporated into the \textit{synthpop} package for \textbf{R}. Both are suitable for synthesising categorical data, or numeric data…

Applications · Statistics 2022-06-28 Gillian M Raab

Comparing differently sized data sets is one main task in model assessment and calibration. This is due to field data being generally sparse compared to simulated model results. We tackled this task by the application of a new…

Applications · Statistics 2023-08-30 Maria-Theresia Pelz , Christopher Somes

Foundation-style ECG encoders pretrained with self-supervised learning are increasingly reused across tasks, institutions, and deployment contexts, often through model-as-a-service interfaces that expose scalar scores or latent…

Statistical agencies utilize models to synthesize respondent-level data for release to the general public as an alternative to the actual data records. A Bayesian model synthesizer encodes privacy protection by employing a hierarchical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-19 Jingchen Hu , Terrance D. Savitsky

Location data is frequently collected from populations and shared in aggregate form to guide policy and decision making. However, the prevalence of aggregated data also raises the privacy concern of membership inference attacks (MIAs). MIAs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Vincent Guan , Florent Guépin , Ana-Maria Cretu , Yves-Alexandre de Montjoye

Synthetic text generation with Differential Privacy (DP) guarantees emerges as a principled approach that can enable the sharing of sensitive datasets across institutional and regulatory boundaries, while bounding the risks of…

Machine learning models are increasingly used to predict material properties and accelerate atomistic simulations, but the reliability of their predictions depends on the representativeness of the training data. We present a scalable,…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-10-20 Daniel Willimetz , Lukáš Grajciar

The dissemination of synthetic data can be an effective means of making information from sensitive data publicly available while reducing the risk of disclosure associated with releasing the sensitive data directly. While mechanisms exist…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-09-23 Harrison Quick

When synthetic data is released, some individuals are harder to protect than others. A patient with a rare disease combination or a transaction with unusual characteristics stands out from the crowd. Differential privacy provides worst-case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Amir Asiaee , Chao Yan , Zachary B. Abrams , Bradley A. Malin

Synthetic training data has gained prominence in numerous learning tasks and scenarios, offering advantages such as dataset augmentation, generalization evaluation, and privacy preservation. Despite these benefits, the efficiency of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Jianhao Yuan , Jie Zhang , Shuyang Sun , Philip Torr , Bo Zhao

The increasing use of diffusion models for image generation, especially in sensitive areas like medical imaging, has raised significant privacy concerns. Membership Inference Attack (MIA) has emerged as a potential approach to determine if…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Xinkai Zhao , Yuta Tokuoka , Junichiro Iwasawa , Keita Oda

Advances in generative models have transformed the field of synthetic image generation for privacy-preserving data synthesis (PPDS). However, the field lacks a comprehensive survey and comparison of synthetic image generation methods across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Yunsung Chung , Yunbei Zhang , Nassir Marrouche , Jihun Hamm
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