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A critical challenge in measuring the power spectrum of 21cm emission from cosmic reionization is compensating for the frequency dependence of an interferometer's sampling pattern, which can cause smooth-spectrum foregrounds to appear…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Aaron R. Parsons , Jonathan C. Pober , James E. Aguirre , Christopher L. Carilli , Daniel C. Jacobs , David F. Moore

Calibrating out per-antenna signal chain effects is an essential step in analyzing radio interferometric data. For drift-scanning arrays, robustly calibrating the data is especially challenging due to the lack of the ability to track a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-09 Robert Pascua , Jonathan Sievers , Adrian Liu

New generation of radio interferometers are envisaged to produce high quality, high dynamic range Stokes images of the observed sky from the corresponding under-sampled Fourier domain measurements. In practice, these measurements are…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Jasleen Birdi , Audrey Repetti , Yves Wiaux

Iterative refinement methods based on a denoising-inversion cycle are powerful tools for enhancing the quality and control of diffusion models. However, their effectiveness is critically limited when combined with standard Classifier-Free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Haosen Li , Wenshuo Chen , Shaofeng Liang , Lei Wang , Haozhe Jia , Yutao Yue

Polarimetric observations at sub-GHz frequencies offer unique access to the magnetized universe through Faraday rotation and depolarization studies, but achieving reliable polarization calibration at these frequencies remains challenging.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-25 Arpan Pal , Sanjeet Rai , Ganesh Kumbhar

Recovering images from optical interferometric observations is one of the major challenges in the field. Unlike the case of observations at radio wavelengths, in the optical the atmospheric turbulence changes the phases on a very short time…

The forthcoming generation of radio telescope arrays promises significant advancements in sensitivity and resolution, enabling the identification and characterization of many new faint and diffuse radio sources. Conventional manual…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Chiara Stuardi , Claudio Gheller , Franco Vazza , Andrea Botteon

Adaptive optics enables the deployment of interferometer-based spectroscopy without the need for moving parts necessary for scanning the interferometer arms. Here, we employ a Michelson Interferometer in conjunction with a Spatial Light…

Optics · Physics 2025-12-05 Jesneil Lauren Lewis , Ayan Banerjee

Hyperspectral unmixing is an important remote sensing task with applications including material identification and analysis. Characteristic spectral features make many pure materials identifiable from their visible-to-infrared spectra, but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 John Janiczek , Parth Thaker , Gautam Dasarathy , Christopher S. Edwards , Philip Christensen , Suren Jayasuriya

PyLlama is a handy Python toolkit to compute the electromagnetic reflection and transmission properties of arbitrary multilayered linear media, including the case of anisotropy. Relying on a $4 \times 4$-matrix formalism, PyLlama implements…

Optics · Physics 2021-12-24 Mélanie M. Bay , Silvia Vignolini , Kevin Vynck

Interferometric methods, renowned for their reliability and precision, play a vital role in phase imaging. Interferometry typically requires high coherence and stability between the measured and the reference beam. The presence of rapid…

The direct detection and characterization of planetary and substellar companions at small angular separations is a rapidly advancing field. Dedicated high-contrast imaging instruments deliver unprecedented sensitivity, enabling detailed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-25 Tomas Stolker , Markus J. Bonse , Sascha P. Quanz , Adam Amara , Gabriele Cugno , Alexander J. Bohn , Anna Boehle

Background and Objective: Deep learning enables tremendous progress in medical image analysis. One driving force of this progress are open-source frameworks like TensorFlow and PyTorch. However, these frameworks rarely address issues…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-29 Alain Jungo , Olivier Scheidegger , Mauricio Reyes , Fabian Balsiger

We present a new procedure for the internal (night-to-night) calibration of time series spectra, with specific applications to optical AGN reverberation mapping data. The traditional calibration technique assumes that the narrow…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-19 M. M. Fausnaugh

Calibration is an essential step in radio interferometric data processing that corrects the data for systematic errors and in addition, subtracts bright foreground interference to reveal weak signals hidden in the residual. These weak and…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-05-08 Sarod Yatawatta

With the arrival of a number of wide-field snapshot image-plane radio transient surveys, there will be a huge influx of images in the coming years making it impossible to manually analyse the datasets. Automated pipelines to process the…

Wavefront sensing involves estimating the phase and intensity of light, enabling a wide range of imaging applications, from adaptive optics and astronomy to biomedical imaging. Since conventional image sensors can only measure the spatial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Nebiyou Yismaw , Vishwanath Saragadam , Aswin C. Sankaranarayanan , M. Salman Asif

The increased sensitivity of future radio telescopes will result in requirements for higher dynamic range within the image as well as better resolution and immunity to interference. In this paper we propose a new matrix formulation of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 Chen Ben-David , Amir Leshem

Convolutional Gridding is a technique (algorithm) extensively used in Radio Interferometric Image Synthesis for fast inversion of functions sampled with irregular intervals on the Fourier plane. In this thesis, we propose some modifications…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-09 Daniel Muscat

Techniques to improve the data quality of interferometric radio observations are considered. Fundaments of fringe frequencies in the uv-plane are discussed and filters are used to attenuate radio-frequency interference (RFI) and off-axis…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-02 A. R. Offringa , A. G. de Bruyn , S. Zaroubi