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While Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) have achieved remarkable success in cross-modal comprehension, a significant gap persists in their ability to leverage such internal knowledge for high-quality generation. We formalize this discrepancy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Ruiyan Han , Zhen Fang , XinYu Sun , Yuchen Ma , Ziheng Wang , Yu Zeng , Zehui Chen , Lin Chen , Wenxuan Huang , Wei-Jie Xu , Yi Cao , Feng Zhao

The bifurcation of generative modeling into autoregressive approaches for discrete data (text) and diffusion approaches for continuous data (images) hinders the development of truly unified multimodal systems. While Masked Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yuanfeng Xu , Yuhao Chen , Liang Lin , Guangrun Wang

The field of advanced text-to-image generation is witnessing the emergence of unified frameworks that integrate powerful text encoders, such as CLIP and T5, with Diffusion Transformer backbones. Although there have been efforts to control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Liang Chen , Shuai Bai , Wenhao Chai , Weichu Xie , Haozhe Zhao , Leon Vinci , Junyang Lin , Baobao Chang

Unified video modeling that combines generation and understanding capabilities is increasingly important but faces two key challenges: maintaining semantic faithfulness during flow-based generation due to text-visual token imbalance and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Jiabin Luo , Junhui Lin , Zeyu Zhang , Biao Wu , Meng Fang , Ling Chen , Hao Tang

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) aim to jointly perform multimodal understanding and generation within a single framework. We present TUNA, a native UMM that builds a unified continuous visual representation by cascading a VAE encoder with…

We present UniFluid, a unified autoregressive framework for joint visual generation and understanding leveraging continuous visual tokens. Our unified autoregressive architecture processes multimodal image and text inputs, generating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Lijie Fan , Luming Tang , Siyang Qin , Tianhong Li , Xuan Yang , Siyuan Qiao , Andreas Steiner , Chen Sun , Yuanzhen Li , Tao Zhu , Michael Rubinstein , Michalis Raptis , Deqing Sun , Radu Soricut

Recently, text-to-image generation models have achieved remarkable advancements, particularly with diffusion models facilitating high-quality image synthesis from textual descriptions. However, these models often struggle with achieving…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Lunhao Duan , Shanshan Zhao , Wenjun Yan , Yinglun Li , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Mingming Gong , Gui-Song Xia

Unified image understanding and generation has emerged as a promising paradigm in multimodal artificial intelligence. Despite recent progress, the optimal architectural design for such unified models remains an open challenge. In this work,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Teng Li , Quanfeng Lu , Lirui Zhao , Hao Li , Xizhou Zhu , Yu Qiao , Jun Zhang , Wenqi Shao

Unified multimodal models that couple visual understanding with image generation have advanced rapidly, yet most systems still focus on visual grounding-aligning language with image regions-while their generative counterpart,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xuanke Shi , Boxuan Li , Xiaoyang Han , Zhongang Cai , Lei Yang , Quan Wang , Dahua Lin

Recent advances in vision-language pre-training have enabled machines to perform better in multimodal object discrimination (e.g., image-text semantic alignment) and image synthesis (e.g., text-to-image generation). On the other hand,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Xiao Dong , Runhui Huang , Xiaoyong Wei , Zequn Jie , Jianxing Yu , Jian Yin , Xiaodan Liang

In this paper, we propose \textbf{UniCode}, a novel approach within the domain of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that learns a unified codebook to efficiently tokenize visual, text, and potentially other types of signals. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Sipeng Zheng , Bohan Zhou , Yicheng Feng , Ye Wang , Zongqing Lu

Visual tokenization remains a core challenge in unifying visual understanding and generation within the autoregressive paradigm. Existing methods typically employ tokenizers in discrete latent spaces to align with the tokens from large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Ziyuan Huang , DanDan Zheng , Cheng Zou , Rui Liu , Xiaolong Wang , Kaixiang Ji , Weilong Chai , Jianxin Sun , Libin Wang , Yongjie Lv , Taozhi Huang , Jiajia Liu , Qingpei Guo , Ming Yang , Jingdong Chen , Jun Zhou

The recently developed discrete diffusion models perform extraordinarily well in the text-to-image task, showing significant promise for handling the multi-modality signals. In this work, we harness these traits and present a unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Minghui Hu , Chuanxia Zheng , Heliang Zheng , Tat-Jen Cham , Chaoyue Wang , Zuopeng Yang , Dacheng Tao , Ponnuthurai N. Suganthan

We present UniMIC, a universal multi-modality image compression framework, intending to unify the rate-distortion-perception (RDP) optimization for multiple image codecs simultaneously through excavating cross-modality generative priors.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Yixin Gao , Xin Li , Xiaohan Pan , Runsen Feng , Zongyu Guo , Yiting Lu , Yulin Ren , Zhibo Chen

Recent multimodal systems often rely on separate expert modality encoders which cause linearly scaling complexity and computational overhead with added modalities. While unified Omni-models address this via Mixture-of-Expert (MoE)…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Kin Wai Lau , Yasar Abbas Ur Rehman , Lai-Man Po , Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão

Most learning-based lossless compressors are designed for a single modality, requiring separate models for multi-modal data and lacking flexibility. However, different modalities vary significantly in format and statistical properties,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yan Zhao , Zhengxue Cheng , Junxuan Zhang , Qunshan Gu , Qi Wang , Li Song

Despite the impressive progress on understanding and generating images shown by the recent unified architectures, the integration of 3D tasks remains challenging and largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce UniUGG, the first unified…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yueming Xu , Jiahui Zhang , Ze Huang , Yurui Chen , Yanpeng Zhou , Zhenyu Chen , Yu-Jie Yuan , Pengxiang Xia , Guowei Huang , Xinyue Cai , Zhongang Qi , Xingyue Quan , Jianye Hao , Hang Xu , Li Zhang

This letter proposes UniToCom, a unified token communication paradigm that treats tokens as the fundamental units for both processing and wireless transmission. Specifically, to enable efficient token representations, we propose a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-03 Hao Wei , Wanli Ni , Wen Wang , Wenjun Xu , Dusit Niyato , Ping Zhang

Unified multimodal models integrating visual understanding and generation face a fundamental challenge: visual generation incurs substantially higher computational costs than understanding, particularly for video. This imbalance motivates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Luozheng Qin , Jia Gong , Qian Qiao , Tianjiao Li , Li Xu , Haoyu Pan , Chao Qu , Zhiyu Tan , Hao Li

Recent large vision-language models (VLMs) remain fundamentally constrained by a persistent dichotomy: understanding and generation are treated as distinct problems, leading to fragmented architectures, cascaded pipelines, and misaligned…