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Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) are expected to be able to detect gravitational waves (GWs) from individual supermassive black hole binaries in the near future. In order to identify the host galaxy of a gravitational wave source, the angular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-12-20 Ryo Kato , Keitaro Takahashi

A pulsar timing array is a Galactic-scale detector of nanohertz gravitational waves (GWs). Its target signals contain two components: the `Earth term' and the `pulsar term' corresponding to GWs incident on the Earth and pulsar respectively.…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-06 Xingjiang Zhu , Linqing Wen , Jie Xiong , Yanjun Xu , Yan Wang , Soumya D. Mohanty , George Hobbs , Richard N. Manchester

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) have recently reported compelling evidence for the presence of a gravitational-wave background signal. Mapping the gravitational-wave background is key to understanding how it is formed, since anisotropy is a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-21 Kathrin Grunthal , David J. Champion , Eric Thrane , Rowina S. Nathan , Michael Kramer , Matthew T. Miles

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) are rapidly advancing toward the detection of continuous gravitational waves from individual supermassive binary black holes. While it is well established that coherently utilizing the ``pulsar term" requires…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-04-30 Chao-Fan Wen , Yi-Qin Chen , Shi-Yi Zhao , Hao Ding , Xingjiang Zhu

Observations of low-frequency gravitational waves will require the highest possible timing precision from an array of the most spin-stable pulsars. We can improve the sensitivity of a pulsar timing array (PTA) to different…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-11-28 M. T. Lam

Pulsar timing uses the highly stable pulsar spin period to investigate many astrophysical topics. In particular, pulsar timing arrays make use of a set of extremely well-timed pulsars and their time correlations as a challenging detector of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-12-16 Michele Maiorano , Francesco De Paolis , Achille A. Nucita

Pulsar timing arrays act to detect gravitational waves by observing the small, correlated effect the waves have on pulse arrival times at Earth. This effect has conventionally been evaluated assuming the gravitational wave phasefronts are…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Xihao Deng , Lee Samuel Finn

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are anticipated to detect continuous gravitational waves (GWs) from individual supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) in the near future. To identify the host galaxy of a GW source, PTAs require significantly…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-01-12 Ryo Kato , Keitaro Takahashi

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) will be sensitive to a finite number of gravitational wave (GW) "point" sources (e.g. supermassive black hole binaries). N quiet pulsars with accurately known distances d_{pulsar} can characterize up to 2N/7…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2013-05-30 Latham Boyle , Ue-Li Pen

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are being used to search for very low frequency gravitational waves. A gravitational wave signal appears in pulsar timing residuals through two components: one independent of and one dependent on the pulsar's…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-03 Matthew Pitkin

Gravitational waves are a radically new way to peer into the darkest depths of the cosmos. Pulsars can be used to make direct detections of gravitational waves through precision timing. When a gravitational wave passes between a pulsar and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-28 Stephen R. Taylor

Analysis of high-precision timing observations of an array of approx. 20 millisecond pulsars (a so-called "timing array") may ultimately result in the detection of a stochastic gravitational-wave background. The feasibility of such a…

Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) observations have recently gathered substantial evidence for the existence of a gravitational wave background in the nHz frequency band. Searching for anisotropies in this signal is key to determining its origin,…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-09-02 Paul Frederik Depta , Valerie Domcke , Gabriele Franciolini , Mauro Pieroni

Precision timing of highly stable milli-second pulsars is a promising technique for the detection of very low frequency sources of gravitational waves. In any single pulsar, a stochastic gravitational wave signal appears as an additional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-06-01 Neil J. Cornish , Laura M. Sampson

Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) use high accuracy timing of a collection of low timing noise pulsars to search for gravitational waves in the microhertz to nanohertz frequency band. The sensitivity of such a PTA depends on (a) the direction of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Brian J. Burt , Andrea N. Lommen , Lee Samuel Finn

The search for gravitational waves using Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) is a computationally expensive complex analysis that involves source-specific noise studies. As more pulsars are added to the arrays, this stage of PTA analysis will…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-28 Lorenzo Speri , Nataliya K. Porayko , Mikel Falxa , Siyuan Chen , Jonathan R. Gair , Alberto Sesana , Stephen R. Taylor

We have begun an exciting era for gravitational wave detection, as several world-leading experiments are breaching the threshold of anticipated signal strengths. Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are pan-Galactic gravitational wave detectors that…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-26 Sarah Burke-Spolaor

Arrays of precisely-timed millisecond pulsars are used to search for gravitational waves with periods of months to decades. Gravitational waves affect the path of radio pulses propagating from a pulsar to Earth, causing the arrival times of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-13 Stephen R. Taylor

We have considered the propagation of gravitational waves (GW) in de Sitter space time and how a non-zero value of the cosmological constant might affect their detection in pulsar timing arrays (PTA). If {\Lambda} is different from zero…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-02-28 Domènec Espriu , Daniel Puigdomènech

Pulsars are natural cosmic clocks. On long timescales they rival the precision of terrestrial atomic clocks. Using a technique called pulsar timing, the exact measurement of pulse arrival times allows a number of applications, ranging from…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-02-14 Werner Becker , Michael Kramer , Alberto Sesana
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