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Edge deployment of LLM agents on IoT hardware introduces attack surfaces absent from cloud-hosted orchestration. We present an empirical security analysis of three architectures (cloud-hosted, edge-local swarm, and hybrid) using a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zhonghao Zhan , Krinos Li , Yefan Zhang , Hamed Haddadi

Software Engineering (SE) agents have shown promising abilities in supporting various SE tasks. Current SE agents remain fundamentally reactive, making decisions mainly based on conversation history and the most recent response. However,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Tse-Hsun , Chen

Symbolic execution detects vulnerabilities with precision, but applying it to large codebases requires harnesses that set up symbolic state, model dependencies, and specify assertions. Writing these harnesses has traditionally been a manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Md Shafiuzzaman , Achintya Desai , Wenbo Guo , Tevfik Bultan

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in the hierarchical decomposition of complex tasks through semantic reasoning. However, their application in embodied systems faces challenges in ensuring reliable execution of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Mingcong Lei , Ge Wang , Yiming Zhao , Zhixin Mai , Qing Zhao , Yao Guo , Zhen Li , Shuguang Cui , Yatong Han , Jinke Ren

Enterprise AI backends increasingly admit heterogeneous execution requests across model deployment, inference, evaluation, data movement, and agentic workflows. In many systems, those requests arrive in service-specific shapes, which makes…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Krti Tallam

At the heart of existing language model agents is a fixed orchestrator program responsible for the state transition between consecutive turns. This paper introduces self-programmed execution (SPE), an agent architecture in which the model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Luke J. O'Connor

This paper examines the application of Executable Ontologies (EO), implemented through the boldsea framework, to game development. We argue that EO represents a paradigm shift: a transition from algorithmic behavior programming to semantic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Alexander Boldachev

Dynamic languages often employ reflection primitives to turn dynamically generated text into executable code at run-time. These features make standard static analysis extremely hard if not impossible because its essential data structures,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Vincenzo Arceri , Mila Dalla Preda , Roberto Giacobazzi , Isabella Mastroeni

Recent developments in Large Language Model (LLM) capabilities have brought great potential but also posed new risks. For example, LLMs with knowledge of bioweapons, advanced chemistry, or cyberattacks could cause violence if placed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Matthew Khoriaty , Andrii Shportko , Gustavo Mercier , Zach Wood-Doughty

Advances in large language models have enabled agentic AI systems that can reason, plan, and interact with external tools to execute multi-step workflows, while public blockchains have evolved into a programmable substrate for value…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Saad Alqithami

The increasing deployment of Large Language Model (LLM) agents for complex software engineering tasks has created a need to understand their problem-solving behaviours beyond simple success metrics. While these agents demonstrate impressive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Oorja Majgaonkar , Zhiwei Fei , Xiang Li , Federica Sarro , He Ye

Long-horizon goal-conditioned tasks pose fundamental challenges for reinforcement learning (RL), particularly when goals are distant and rewards are sparse. While hierarchical and graph-based methods offer partial solutions, their reliance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jaebak Hwang , Sanghyeon Lee , Jeongmo Kim , Seungyul Han

Evaluating and improving the security capabilities of code agents requires high-quality, executable vulnerability tasks. However, existing works rely on costly, unscalable manual reproduction and suffer from outdated data distributions. To…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xianzhen Luo , Jingyuan Zhang , Shiqi Zhou , Rain Huang , Chuan Xiao , Qingfu Zhu , Zhiyuan Ma , Xing Yue , Yang Yue , Wencong Zeng , Wanxiang Che

Distributed energy resources (DERs) are transforming power networks, challenging traditional operational methods, and requiring new coordination mechanisms. To address this challenge, this paper introduces SecuLEx (Secure Limit Exchange), a…

We introduce SWE-ZERO to SWE-HERO, a two-stage SFT recipe that achieves state-of-the-art results on SWE-bench by distilling open-weight frontier LLMs. Our pipeline replaces resource-heavy dependencies with an evolutionary refinement…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Nikolai Ludwig , Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Somshubra Majumdar , Boris Ginsburg

The security development lifecycle (SDL) is becoming an industry standard. Dynamic symbolic execution (DSE) has enormous amount of applications in computer security (fuzzing, vulnerability discovery, reverse-engineering, etc.). We propose…

Financial agents powered by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for investment analysis, risk assessment, and automated decision-making, where their abilities to plan, invoke tools, and manipulate mutable state introduce…

This paper introduces DMind-3, a sovereign Edge-Local-Cloud intelligence stack designed to secure irreversible financial execution in Web3 environments against adversarial risks and strict latency constraints. While existing cloud-centric…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Enhao Huang , Frank Li , Tony Lin , Lowes Yang

Problems which require both long-horizon planning and continuous control capabilities pose significant challenges to existing reinforcement learning agents. In this paper we introduce a novel hierarchical reinforcement learning agent which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Jan Achterhold , Markus Krimmel , Joerg Stueckler

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become widely used for Software Engineering (SE) tasks, spanning from function-level code generation to complex repository-level workflows. However, the high latency of autoregressive inference remains a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yijia Li , Junkai Chen , Xing Hu , Xin Xia