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Neural network pruning is a popular technique used to reduce the inference costs of modern, potentially overparameterized, networks. Starting from a pre-trained network, the process is as follows: remove redundant parameters, retrain, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Lucas Liebenwein , Cenk Baykal , Brandon Carter , David Gifford , Daniela Rus

Despite their powerful capabilities, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) suffer from considerable computational overhead due to their reliance on massive visual tokens. Recent studies have explored token pruning to alleviate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Xin Zou , Di Lu , Yizhou Wang , Yibo Yan , Yuanhuiyi Lyu , Xu Zheng , Linfeng Zhang , Xuming Hu

Model pruning, i.e., removing a subset of model weights, has become a prominent approach to reducing the memory footprint of large language models (LLMs) during inference. Notably, popular inference engines, such as vLLM, enable users to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Kazuki Egashira , Robin Staab , Thibaud Gloaguen , Mark Vero , Martin Vechev

Transformer-based models generally allocate the same amount of computation for each token in a given sequence. We develop a simple but effective "token dropping" method to accelerate the pretraining of transformer models, such as BERT,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-25 Le Hou , Richard Yuanzhe Pang , Tianyi Zhou , Yuexin Wu , Xinying Song , Xiaodan Song , Denny Zhou

In recent years, two competitive time series classification models, namely, ROCKET and MINIROCKET, have garnered considerable attention due to their low training cost and high accuracy. However, they rely on a large number of random 1-D…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Shaowu Chen , Weize Sun , Lei Huang , Xiaopeng Li , Qingyuan Wang , Deepu John

Diffusion models achieve remarkable performance across diverse generative tasks in computer vision, but their high computational cost remains a major barrier to deployment. Model pruning offers a promising way to reduce inference cost and…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Caleb Zheng , Eli Shlizerman

Pruning enables appealing reductions in network memory footprint and time complexity. Conventional post-training pruning techniques lean towards efficient inference while overlooking the heavy computation for training. Recent exploration of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Maying Shen , Pavlo Molchanov , Hongxu Yin , Jose M. Alvarez

As language models have grown in parameters and layers, it has become much harder to train and infer with them on single GPUs. This is severely restricting the availability of large language models such as GPT-3, BERT-Large, and many…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-29 Jasdeep Singh Grover , Bhavesh Gawri , Ruskin Raj Manku

High runtime memory and high latency puts significant constraint on Vision Transformer training and inference, especially on edge devices. Token pruning reduces the number of input tokens to the ViT based on importance criteria of each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Sudhakar Sah , Ravish Kumar , Honnesh Rohmetra , Ehsan Saboori

The PLAID (Performance-optimized Late Interaction Driver) algorithm for ColBERTv2 uses clustered term representations to retrieve and progressively prune documents for final (exact) document scoring. In this paper, we reproduce and fill in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Sean MacAvaney , Nicola Tonellotto

While multi-vector retrieval models outperform single-vector models of comparable size in retrieval quality, their practicality is limited by substantially larger index sizes, driven by the additional sequence-length dimension in their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Rohan Jha , Chunsheng Zuo , Reno Kriz , Benjamin Van Durme

Autoregressive Transformers adopted in Large Language Models (LLMs) are hard to scale to long sequences. Despite several works trying to reduce their computational cost, most of LLMs still adopt attention layers between all pairs of tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Sotiris Anagnostidis , Dario Pavllo , Luca Biggio , Lorenzo Noci , Aurelien Lucchi , Thomas Hofmann

The learning capability of a neural network improves with increasing depth at higher computational costs. Wider layers with dense kernel connectivity patterns furhter increase this cost and may hinder real-time inference. We propose feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-01 Sajid Anwar , Wonyong Sung

The increasing use of stochastic models for describing complex phenomena warrants surrogate models that capture the reference model characteristics at a fraction of the computational cost, foregoing potentially expensive Monte Carlo…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Neil Kichler , Sher Afghan , Uwe Naumann

Vision-language models (VLMs) excel at image understanding tasks, but the large number of visual tokens imposes significant computational costs, hindering deployment on mobile devices. Many pruning methods rely solely on token importance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Zhenkai Wu , Xiaowen Ma , Zhenliang Ni , Dengming Zhang , Han Shu , Xin Jiang , Xinghao Chen

As neural networks grow in size and complexity, inference speeds decline. To combat this, one of the most effective compression techniques -- channel pruning -- removes channels from weights. However, for multi-branch segments of a model,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Alvin Wan , Hanxiang Hao , Kaushik Patnaik , Yueyang Xu , Omer Hadad , David Güera , Zhile Ren , Qi Shan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown strong performance in vision-language tasks, but their inference efficiency is severely limited by the exponential growth of visual tokens in complex scenarios such as high-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Yuhao Chen , Bin Shan , Xin Ye , Cheng Chen

Domain-specific embedding models have shown promise for applications that require specialized semantic understanding, such as coding agents and financial retrieval systems, often achieving higher performance gains than general models.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang

Neural Network Pruning has been established as driving force in the exploration of memory and energy efficient solutions with high throughput both during training and at test time. In this paper, we introduce a novel criterion for model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Angelos-Christos Maroudis , Sotirios Xydis

Pruning is a core technique for compressing neural networks to improve computational efficiency. This process is typically approached in two ways: one-shot pruning, which involves a single pass of training and pruning, and iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Mikołaj Janusz , Tomasz Wojnar , Yawei Li , Luca Benini , Kamil Adamczewski