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Most current large language models (LLMs) support a wide variety of languages in addition to English, including high-resource languages (e.g. German, Chinese, French), as well as low-resource ones (e.g. Swahili, Telugu). In addition they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Jan-Thorsten Peter , David Vilar , Tobias Domhan , Dan Malkin , Markus Freitag

Robust selective auditory attention under multilingual interference is critical for reliable deployment of Large Audio Language Models (LALMs). We introduce MUSA, a cocktail party-inspired multilingual benchmark for source-grounded…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Heejoon Koo

Recent Audio Multimodal Large Language Models (Audio MLLMs) demonstrate impressive performance on speech benchmarks, yet it remains unclear whether these models genuinely process acoustic signals or rely on text-based semantic inference. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Jiaqi Xiong , Yunjia Qi , Qi Cao , Yu Zheng , Yutong Zhang , Ziteng Wang , Ruofan Liao , Weisheng Xu , Sichen Liu

Reasoning has become a defining capability of modern foundation models, yet its development in the audio modality remains limited. Audio poses challenges that are distinct from those of text and vision. It is continuous, temporally dense,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-21 Zhihan Guo , Wenqian Cui , Guan-Ting Lin , Daxin Tan , Jingyao Li , Qiyong Zheng , Dingdong Wang , Jing Xiong , Han Shi , Jiaya Jia , Irwin King

While speech Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at conventional tasks like basic speech recognition, they lack fine-grained, multi-dimensional perception. This deficiency is evident in their struggle to disentangle complex features like…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-13 Guojian Li , Zhixian Zhao , Zhennan Lin , Jingbin Hu , Qirui Zhan , Yuang Cao , Pengyuan Xie , Chuan Xie , Jie Liu , Qiang Zhang , Zhonghua Fu , Lei Xie

While large audio language models (LALMs) have achieved remarkable progress in audio processing at the second- or minute-level scale, understanding hour-level audio remains a fundamental bottleneck. Existing benchmarks predominantly rely on…

Autoregressive (AR) large audio language models (LALMs) such as Qwen-2.5-Omni have achieved strong performance on audio understanding and interaction, but scaling them remains costly in data and computation, and strictly sequential decoding…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jiaming Zhou , Xuxin Cheng , Shiwan Zhao , Yuhang Jia , Cao Liu , Ke Zeng , Xunliang Cai , Yong Qin

Despite its widespread adoption as the prominent neural architecture, the Transformer has spurred several independent lines of work to address its limitations. One such approach is selective state space models, which have demonstrated…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Sarthak Yadav , Zheng-Hua Tan

The maturation of Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) has raised growing expectations for them to comprehend complex audio much like humans. Current efforts primarily replicate text-based reasoning by contextualizing audio content through a…

Audio-based equipment condition monitoring suffers from a lack of standardized methodologies for algorithm selection, hindering reproducible research. This paper addresses this gap by introducing a comprehensive framework for the systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Srijesh Pillai , Yodhin Agarwal , Zaheeruddin Ahmed

Processing long-form audio is a major challenge for Large Audio Language models (LALMs). These models struggle with the quadratic cost of attention ($O(N^2)$) and with modeling long-range temporal dependencies. Existing audio benchmarks are…

The ability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to perceive and comprehend audio signals is crucial for many applications. Although significant progress has been made in this area since the development of AudioSet, most existing models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Yuan Gong , Hongyin Luo , Alexander H. Liu , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable ability to process information across various languages. Despite their capabilities, they exhibit inconsistencies in handling identical queries in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yue Huang , Chenrui Fan , Yuan Li , Siyuan Wu , Tianyi Zhou , Xiangliang Zhang , Lichao Sun

Large vision-language models (VLMs) have evolved from general-purpose applications to specialized use cases such as in the clinical domain, demonstrating potential for decision support in radiology. One promising application is assisting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Zhifan Jiang , Dong Yang , Vishwesh Nath , Abhijeet Parida , Nishad P. Kulkarni , Ziyue Xu , Daguang Xu , Syed Muhammad Anwar , Holger R. Roth , Marius George Linguraru

Audio-Language Models (ALMs), trained on paired audio-text data, are designed to process, understand, and reason about audio-centric multimodal content. Unlike traditional supervised approaches that use predefined labels, ALMs leverage…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yi Su , Jisheng Bai , Qisheng Xu , Kele Xu , Yong Dou

Automatic assessment of cognitive impairment from spontaneous speech offers a promising, non-invasive avenue for early cognitive screening. However, current approaches often lack generalizability when deployed across different languages and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Rui Feng , Zhiyao Luo , Wei Wang , Yuting Song , Yong Liu , Tingting Zhu , Jianqing Li , Xingyao Wang

Audio Large Language Models (Audio LLMs) enable human-like conversation about music, yet it is unclear if they are truly listening to the audio or just using textual reasoning, as recent benchmarks suggest. This paper investigates this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Giovana Morais , Magdalena Fuentes

Medical Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising clinical performance. However, their sensitivity to real-world input perturbations, such as imaging artifacts and textual errors, critically undermines their clinical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Dunyuan XU , Xikai Yang , Yaoqian Li , Juzheng Miao , Jinpeng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Multimodal language analysis is a rapidly evolving field that leverages multiple modalities to enhance the understanding of high-level semantics underlying human conversational utterances. Despite its significance, little research has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Hanlei Zhang , Zhuohang Li , Yeshuang Zhu , Hua Xu , Peiwu Wang , Haige Zhu , Jie Zhou , Jinchao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) that do not give consistent answers across contexts are problematic when used for tasks with expectations of consistency, e.g., question-answering, explanations, etc. Our work presents an evaluation benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Henning Bartsch , Ole Jorgensen , Domenic Rosati , Jason Hoelscher-Obermaier , Jacob Pfau
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