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Recent advances in large language models have led to numerous task-specialized fine-tuned variants, creating a need for efficient model merging techniques that preserve specialized capabilities while avoiding costly retraining. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Shuqi Liu , Han Wu , Bowei He , Xiongwei Han , Mingxuan Yuan , Linqi Song

To address the performance limitations of the Segment Anything Model (SAM) in specific domains, existing works primarily adopt adapter-based one-step adaptation paradigms. However, some of these methods are specific developed for specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Yuan-Chen Shu , Zhiwei Lin , Yongtao Wang

Recent advancements in building domain-specific large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, especially in tasks requiring reasoning abilities like logical inference over complex relationships and multi-step problem solving.…

Model merging has recently gained attention as an economical and scalable approach to incorporate task-specific weights from various tasks into a unified multi-task model. For example, in Task Arithmetic (TA), adding the fine-tuned weights…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Feng Xiong , Runxi Cheng , Wang Chen , Zhanqiu Zhang , Yiwen Guo , Chun Yuan , Ruifeng Xu

Model merging aims to build a multi-task learner by combining the parameters of individually fine-tuned models without additional training. While a straightforward approach is to average model parameters across tasks, this often results in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Jiho Choi , Donggyun Kim , Chanhyuk Lee , Seunghoon Hong

Model merging is a technique that combines multiple large pretrained models into a single model with enhanced performance and broader task adaptability. It has gained popularity in large pretrained model development due to its ability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Yu Zhou , Xingyu Wu , Jibin Wu , Liang Feng , Kay Chen Tan

Model merging, which combines multiple domain-specialized experts into a single model, offers a practical path to endow Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with broad capabilities without the cost of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dengming Zhang , Xiaowen Ma , Zhenliang Ni , Zhenkai Wu , Han Shu , Xin Jiang , Xinghao Chen

Model merging is an efficient empowerment technique in the machine learning community that does not require the collection of raw training data and does not require expensive computation. As model merging becomes increasingly prevalent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Enneng Yang , Li Shen , Guibing Guo , Xingwei Wang , Xiaochun Cao , Jie Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Text embeddings from PLM-based models enable a wide range of applications, yet their performance often degrades on longer texts. In this paper, we introduce a phenomenon we call Length Collapse, where embeddings of longer texts tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yuqi Zhou , Sunhao Dai , Zhanshuo Cao , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

Recent research advocates deploying smaller, specialized code LLMs in agentic frameworks alongside frontier models, sparking interest in efficient strategies for multi-task learning that balance performance, constraints, and costs. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Mingzhi Zhu , Boris Sobolev , Rahul Krishna , Raju Pavuluri , Stacy Patterson , Michele Merler

Model merging combines knowledge from task-specific models into a unified multi-task model to avoid joint training on all task data. However, current methods face challenges due to representation bias, which can interfere with tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Marcin Osial , Daniel Marczak , Bartosz Zieliński

Parallelism is a ubiquitous method for accelerating machine learning algorithms. However, theoretical analysis of parallel learning is usually done in an algorithm- and protocol-specific setting, giving little insight about how changes in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Yucheng Lu , Jack Nash , Christopher De Sa

In the era of proliferation of large language and image generation models, the phenomenon of "model collapse" refers to the situation whereby as a model is trained recursively on data generated from previous generations of itself over time,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Elvis Dohmatob , Yunzhen Feng , Julia Kempe

Large language models (LLMs) still struggle across tasks outside of high-resource languages. In this work, we investigate cross-lingual transfer to lower-resource languages where task-specific post-training data is scarce. Building on prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Lucas Bandarkar , Nanyun Peng

Merging has become a widespread way to cheaply combine individual models into a single model that inherits their capabilities and attains better performance. This popularity has spurred rapid development of many new merging methods, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Derek Tam , Yash Kant , Brian Lester , Igor Gilitschenski , Colin Raffel

Fine-tuning pre-trained models with custom data leads to numerous expert models on specific tasks. Merging models into one universal model to empower multi-task ability refraining from data leakage has gained popularity. With the expansion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Fanhu Zeng , Haiyang Guo , Fei Zhu , Li Shen , Hao Tang

Model merging aims to integrate multiple task-specific models into a unified model that inherits the capabilities of the task-specific models, without additional training. Existing model merging methods often lack consideration of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Yue Zhou , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have been largely driven by scaling laws for individual models, which predict performance improvements as model parameters and data volume increase. However, the capabilities of any single LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Dakuan Lu , Jiaqi Zhang , Cheng Yuan , Jiawei Shao , Xuelong Li

Model merging offers an efficient way to combine pre-trained neural networks but often suffers from inconsistent performance, especially when merging models with different initializations. We identify the ``vanishing feature'' phenomenon,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Xingyu Qu , Samuel Horvath

While LLMs excel at general tasks, they struggle in specialized domains like finance, requiring diverse skills in domain knowledge, mathematical reasoning, and multilingual processing. Merging domain-specific Continual Pre-training (CPT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Kentaro Ueda , François Portet , Hirohiko Suwa , Keiichi Yasumoto