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The widespread integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various sectors has highlighted the need for empirical research to understand their biases, thought patterns, and societal implications to ensure ethical and effective use.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Manari Hirose , Masato Uchida

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant potential in multi-agent negotiation tasks, yet evaluation in this domain remains challenging due to a lack of robust and generalizable benchmarks. Abdelnabi et al. (2024) introduce a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Jorge Carrasco Pollo , Ioannis Kapetangeorgis , Joshua Rosenthal , John Hua Yao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in translating model-based explanations into human-readable narratives. This study evaluates whether LLMs can serve as post-hoc explainability interfaces for credit risk models, focusing on…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-19 Wenxi Geng , Dingyuan Liu , Liya Li , Yiqing Wang

The purpose of this study is to assess how large language models (LLMs) can be used for fact-checking and contribute to the broader debate on the use of automated means for veracity identification. To achieve this purpose, we use AI…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Elizaveta Kuznetsova , Ilaria Vitulano , Mykola Makhortykh , Martha Stolze , Tomas Nagy , Victoria Vziatysheva

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly advanced in clinical decision-making, yet the deployment of proprietary systems is hindered by privacy concerns and reliance on cloud-based infrastructure. Open-source alternatives allow local…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Alif Munim , Jun Ma , Omar Ibrahim , Alhusain Abdalla , Shuolin Yin , Leo Chen , Bo Wang

Evaluation of large language models (LLMs) is increasingly critical, yet standard benchmarking methods rely on average accuracy, overlooking both the inherent stochasticity of LLM outputs and the heterogeneity of benchmark items. Item…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-11 Xinhao Qu , Qiang Heng , Hao Zeng , Xiaoqian Liu

Automated sentiment analysis using Large Language Model (LLM)-based models like ChatGPT, Gemini or LLaMA2 is becoming widespread, both in academic research and in industrial applications. However, assessment and validation of their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Alessio Buscemi , Daniele Proverbio

In this paper, we introduce FAMMA, an open-source benchmark for \underline{f}in\underline{a}ncial \underline{m}ultilingual \underline{m}ultimodal question \underline{a}nswering (QA). Our benchmark aims to evaluate the abilities of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Siqiao Xue , Xiaojing Li , Fan Zhou , Qingyang Dai , Zhixuan Chu , Hongyuan Mei

As large language models (LLMs) continue to evolve, the need for robust and standardized evaluation benchmarks becomes paramount. Evaluating the performance of these models is a complex challenge that requires careful consideration of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Marco AF Pimentel , Clément Christophe , Tathagata Raha , Prateek Munjal , Praveen K Kanithi , Shadab Khan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently achieved impressive performance in math and reasoning benchmarks. However, they often struggle with logic problems and puzzles that are relatively easy for humans. To further investigate this, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Nasim Borazjanizadeh , Roei Herzig , Trevor Darrell , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

The impressive performance of large language models (LLMs) has attracted considerable attention from the academic and industrial communities. Besides how to construct and train LLMs, how to effectively evaluate and compare the capacity of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhumin Chu , Qingyao Ai , Yiteng Tu , Haitao Li , Yiqun Liu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into our everyday lives, understanding their ability to comprehend human mental states becomes critical for ensuring effective interactions. However, despite the recent attempts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Kanishk Gandhi , Jan-Philipp Fränken , Tobias Gerstenberg , Noah D. Goodman

Large Language Models (LLMs) evaluation is a patchy and inconsistent landscape, and it is becoming clear that the quality of automatic evaluation metrics is not keeping up with the pace of development of generative models. We aim to improve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Andrea Sottana , Bin Liang , Kai Zou , Zheng Yuan

While logical reasoning evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has attracted significant attention, existing benchmarks predominantly rely on multiple-choice formats that are vulnerable to random guessing, leading to overestimated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Qin Zhu , Fei Huang , Runyu Peng , Keming Lu , Bowen Yu , Qinyuan Cheng , Xipeng Qiu , Xuanjing Huang , Junyang Lin

Recent advances in multimodal large language models enable new possibilities for image-based decision support. However, their reliability and operational trade-offs in neuroimaging remain insufficiently understood. We present a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Katarina Trojachanec Dineva , Stefan Andonov , Ilinka Ivanoska , Ivan Kitanovski , Sasho Gramatikov , Tamara Kostova , Monika Simjanoska Misheva , Kostadin Mishev

The potential of large language models (LLMs) as decision support tools is increasingly being explored in fields such as business, engineering, and medicine, which often face challenging tasks of decision-making under uncertainty. In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Ollie Liu , Deqing Fu , Dani Yogatama , Willie Neiswanger

Large Language Models (LLM) continue to demonstrate their utility in a variety of emergent capabilities in different fields. An area that could benefit from effective language understanding in cybersecurity is the analysis of log files.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Egil Karlsen , Xiao Luo , Nur Zincir-Heywood , Malcolm Heywood

Existing benchmarks for evaluating mathematical reasoning in large language models (LLMs) rely primarily on competition problems, formal proofs, or artificially challenging questions -- failing to capture the nature of mathematics…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Cezara Petrui , Kristina Nikolić , Florian Tramèr

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) such as GPT-4V and LLaVA have shown remarkable capabilities in visual reasoning with common image styles. However, their robustness against diverse style shifts, crucial for practical applications, remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Rizhao Cai , Zirui Song , Dayan Guan , Zhenhao Chen , Xing Luo , Chenyu Yi , Alex Kot

As financial institutions increasingly adopt Large Language Models (LLMs), rigorous domain-specific evaluation becomes critical for responsible deployment. This paper presents a comprehensive benchmark evaluating 23 state-of-the-art LLMs on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Pranam Shetty , Abhisek Upadhayaya , Parth Mitesh Shah , Srikanth Jagabathula , Shilpi Nayak , Anna Joo Fee
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